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Chega! A plain guide

A Plain Guide! sumamrizes the 5-volume Chega! final report.

Contents
1 │ Foreword by Archbishop Desmond Tutu
3 │ Preface by Rev. Agustinho de Vasconselos
5 │ Section 1: Background to the Commission
9 │ Section 2: The Work of the Commission
11 │ Section 3: The Final Report
12 │ Is there anything new in the Commission’s findings?
14 │ Frequently asked questions about the CA VR’s
death toll estimates
14 │ How many people died from conflict-related deaths in
Timor-Leste between 1974 and 1999?
14 │ When did the largest number of “excess” deaths due to hunger
and disease occur?
14 │ When did the largest number of unlawful killings and
disappearances occur?
15 │ Where did the killings take place?
15 │ How precise are the Commission’s estimates of the death toll?
19 │ Section 4: Human Rights Violations
19 │ Forced displacement and famine
21 │ Famine and displacement in the late 1970s: the evidence
24 │ Displacement and its impact in the 1980s
25 │ Displacement in 1999
26 │ Unlawful killings and enforced disappearances
26 │ Terror and impunity
27 │ Methods of execution
28 │ Unlawful killings related to military operations
30 │ Systematic killings and disappearances of targeted individuals
and groups
31 │ Collective and proxy punishment of civilians by ABRI/TNI
33 │ 1985–1998: a continuing climate of impunity
34 │ 1999
35 │ Arbitrary detention, torture and ill-treatment
36 │ Arbitrary detention
37 │ Conditions of detention
37 │ Torture and ill-treatment
38 │ Methods of torture
40 │ Sexual violence
41 │ Sexual violence inside Indonesian military installations
42 │ Sexual slavery
43 │ Political trials
45 │ Violations of children’s rights
46 │ Violations of the laws of war
46 │ Attacks on civilians and civilian assets
47 │ Mistreatment of enemy combatants
47 │ The destruction and theft of property and other assets
48 │ The use of illegal weapons
48 │ Forced recruitment
49 │ Economic and social rights
53 │ Section 5: Institutional Responsibility
53 │ The statistics of institutional responsibility
53 │ Indonesian security forces
54 │ The Resistance
54 │ UD T
55 │ Institutional responsibility of the Indonesian security forces
56 │ The responsibility of specific units of the Indonesian security
forces
57 │ Individual and command responsibility of the Indonesian security
forces and their auxiliaries
59 │ Responsibility for the mass violations of 1999
62 │ Institutional responsibility of the East Timorese political parties
62 │ The internal armed conflict
62 │ Principal findings on the responsibility of the Resistance
65 │ Forced displacement and famine
66 │ Principal findings on the responsibility of UDT
68 │ Principal findings on the responsibility of Apodeti
69 │ Section 6: State Responsibility
69 │ Responsibility of the State of Indonesia
71 │ Responsibility of the State of Portugal
73 │ Responsibility of the State of Australia
74 │ Responsibility of the United States of America
76 │ Responsibility of the United Nations
79 │ Section 7: Reconciliation
83 │ Section 8: Acolhimento and Victim Support
84 │ Public hearings at the national and sub-district levels
86 │ An Urgent Reparations Program for victims
87 │ Healing workshops at the Commission’s national
headquarters
87 │ Village-level participatory workshops, called Community
P rofile Workshops, to discuss and record the impact of the
conflict on communities
89 │ Section 9: Recommendations
90 │ Overview
93 │ Justice: an international approach
95 │ Reparations
97 │ A targeted reparations program to alleviate the plight of the
neediest
98 │ Acknowledgement
98│ Upholding human rights in Timor-Leste
100 │ Reconciliation
102 │ The Commission’s archives
102 │ The follow-on institution

Commission for Reception, Truth, and Reconciliation

Estafeta 2007-Winter

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Petroleum dependency

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Munir Update

Justice Remains Distant for East Timorese

Chega!’s Recommendations & the U.S.

Crimes Against Humanity From Ford to Saddam

Madison-Ainaro Sister City Alliance Maintains Solidarity Links

New Year Dawns with Threats to Human Rights in West Papua

Obituaries

East Timor Action Network

Chega! The final report of the Timor-Leste Commission for Reception, Truth and Reconciliation

The final report of the Commission for Reception, Truth and Reconciliation (CAVR) was entitled Chega! (Portuguese for No More or Enough). It documents human rights abuses in the period 1975-1999. The report was completed in 2005; this version is the English translation, as published by Gramedia in 2013.

Contents to Volume 1
xix │ Map of Timor-Leste
xx │ Appreciation to donors
xxi │ Foreword by Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Nobel Peace Laureate
xxii │ Preface by Aniceto Guterres Lopes, Chair CAVR

1 │ Presentation of the Report by CAVR National Commissioners
3 │ Part 1: Introduction
7│Background to the Commission
8 │ From colonialism to militarised occupation
12 │ Coming together: reconciliation
14 │ Organising principle of this Report
14 │ The truth
16│Origins of the Commission
16 │ The workshop and the CNRT Congress
17 │ Results of the Steering Committee’s community consultations
19 │ Choosing the name of the Commission
19 │ Regulation 10/2001, establishing the Commission
20 │ Interim office
20 │ The CAVR Advisory Council
21│Formation of the Commission
21 │ National Commissioners
25 │ Principles and mission of the Commission
26 │ Regional Commissioners
27│Operational issues and challenges
27 │ Practical challenges to the Commission’s work
28 │ The challenge of language
29 │ An integrated community-based approach
32 │ The strategic plan
34│Core programmes
34 │ Truth-seeking
42 │ Community Reconciliation
44 │ Reception and victim support
45 │ Final Report
47 │ Archives
48 │ The Commission’s obligations to participants in its core programmes
49│National and regional offices and staffing
49 │ National Office
51 │ The CAVR as a learning institution
52 │ Institutional development and capacity building
53 │ Gender and staffing
53 │ Regional offices and district teams
54 │ Gender in practice in district work
55 │ The role of international staff in the Commission
56│Management and administration
56 │ Management structure
56 │ Administration
57 │ Finance
57 │ Downsizing and restructuring
58│Building relationships for the future
58 │ Direct relationships
60 │ Media and information campaigns
61 │ The international community
62 │ Community outreach and public information

69 │ Part 2: The Mandate of the Commission
73│Introduction
74 │ Temporal boundaries
75 │ Issues of particular relevance
75 │ The meaning of “related to the political conflict”
75 │ Human rights violations
76 │ The Commission’s definition of “human rights violations”
77 │ Priority given to particular categories of violation
78 │ Inquiry-related powers
78 │ Liability of Commissioners and staff
79 │ Confidential information provided to the Commission
79 │ The use of specific names in the Report
84 │ Standards used in determining issues of responsibility and accountability
84 │ The Indonesian invasion of Timor-Leste
85 │ Justice of war and justice in war
86 │ Community Reconciliation Procedures
87 │ The community-based approach of the Commission
88│Annexe A: relevant legal principles
89 │ Introduction – international law relevant to the mandate

133│ Part 3: History of the Conflict
143│Introduction
145│Portuguese colonialism in Timor-Leste
145 │ Overview
146 │ The arrival of the Portuguese
147 │ Colonial consolidation
148 │ Portuguese governance and Timorese resistance
149 │ Portuguese Timor in the 20th century
150 │ The international movement for decolonisation and Portugal’s position
151 │ Portuguese development plans and growing anti-colonial sentiments
152│Changes in Portugal and the decolonisation process
152 │ Overview
152 │ The MFA and the Carnation Revolution
154 │ The impact of the Carnation Revolution in Portuguese Timor
155 │ The formation of political parties in Portuguese Timor
157│The international climate and Indonesia’s policy on Portuguese Timor
157 │ Overview
157 │ The United Nations and Portuguese Timor
158 │ Indonesia and the international community
160 │ Indonesian policy on Portuguese Timor
163│The decolonisation process and political parties
163 │ Overview
164 │ The dawning of political consciousness
165 │ The composition of the political parties
166 │ Internal developments and tensions
167 │ The political parties prepare for armed confrontation
169 │ Fretilin and the spectre of communism
171 │ Lack of political tolerance
172 │ Governor Lemos Pires’s “mission impossible”
173 │ The coalition between UDT and Fretilin
174│ Indonesia’s growing involvement in Portuguese Timor: destabilisation and diplomacy
174 │ Overview
175 │ Operasi Komodo and increased covert military operations
176 │ Indonesian diplomacy
182 │ The armed movement of 11 August and the internal armed conflict
182 │ Overview
183 │ UDT launches its 11 August armed movement
185 │ The failure to negotiate: internal armed conflict
187 │ UDT retreats to the border
187 │ Portugal’s response to the internal conflict
188 │ Indonesia’s response
189 │ Portuguese Timor under Fretilin administration
189 │ Overview
189 │ Fretilin fills the vacuum
190 │ Prisoners and political violence
192 │ Restoring order
193 │ Administration
195 │ Balibó: Indonesia increases intensity of military operations
196 │ Fretilin’s unilateral declaration of independence, and the response
196 │ Overview
197 │ Background to Fretilin’s unilateral declaration of independence
199 │ The declaration of independence
201 │ Reactions to the declaration of independence
203 │ Full-scale invasion imminent
203 │ Full-scale invasion
203 │ Overview
204 │ Indonesia’s decision to invade and conduct open warfare
205 │ Dili prepares its defence strategy
206 │ Indonesian military preparations: Operation Seroja (Lotus)
206 │ Invasion of Dili and Baucau
211 │ United Nations response to the full-scale invasion
212 │ Timorese experience of early occupation and Indonesia’s attempts to formalise integration
212 │ Overview
213 │ AB RI consolidates; Indonesia installs “Provisional Government”
214 │ Fretilin in retreat, the massacres of prisoners
214 │ ABRI advances, early 1976
215 │ East Timorese experience of the early occupation
216 │ Fretilin regroups
217 │ Indonesia formalises the integration
218 │ Operation Seroja continues – US -supplied OV-10 Bronco aircraft introduced
219 │ Military stalemate, late 1976
219 │ “Encirclement and annihilation”: the final stages of Operation Seroja 1977–1979
219 │ Overview
220 │ Civilian population in the mountains
220 │ ABRI capacity stretched and early Fretilin confidence
221 │ US leads re-arming of the Indonesian military
222 │ Fretilin: internal divisions and violent purge
223 │ ABRI intensifies military operations: encirclement and annihilation, August 1977 to August 1978
227 │ Surrender: coming down from Matebian
228 │ Surrender, resettlement and famine
228 │ Overview
229 │ Surrender and execution of prisoners
230 │ Transit camps
231 │ Longer-term detention camps and ABRI’s security strategy
231 │ A closed land
233 │ ICRC and CRS relief
234 │ Ataúro as a prison island
235 │ Detention camps close
235 │ Operation Security (Operasi Keamanan)
235 │ Overview
236 │ The situation in Dili and across Timor-Leste 1979–1980
237 │ The first uprising: Dili, June 1980
237 │ “Fence of legs”: Operasi Kikis
239 │ Consequences of the operation
241 │ Rebuilding the Resistance
241 │ Overview
241 │ Fretilin survivors of the 1978–1979 offensives
242 │ Regrouping
244 │ National Re-organisation Conference in March 1981
245 │ Growth of the Resistance
246 │ The Resistance under Xanana Gusmão: towards national unity
247 │ The Catholic Church
248 │ 1983 Ceasefire and its aftermath
248 │ Introduction
248 │ Indonesian national elections in Timor-Leste: 1982
249 │ Shake-up of Indonesian civilian and military personnel, and Resistance actions
250 │ New approach by the Indonesian military: negotiations
251 │ Ceasefire
251 │ Appointment of Benny Moerdani as ABRI commander-in-chief: 1983
252 │ Monsignor Lopes removed
252 │ Ceasefire undermined
254 │ The end of the ceasefire
255 │ Consolidation and the beginnings of change: 1984–1991
255 │ Overview
256 │ Development of the Resistance
258 │ Repression and imprisonment
259 │ The rise of the clandestine youth movement
259 │ The Catholic Church
260 │ The situation at the United Nations
261 │ The visit of Pope John Paul II
263 │ Jakarta opens Timor-Leste
263 │ International developments toward the end of the decade
264 │ Turning Points
264 │ Overview
265 │ The Santa Cruz Massacre, 12 November 1991
267 │ The international impact of Santa Cruz
268 │ The capture of Xanana Gusmão
269 │ The student clandestine network
271 │ CNRM Peace Plan and diplomatic initiatives
272 │ The International Court of Justice case: Portugal v Australia, 1991–1995
272 │ The Nobel Peace Prize, 1996
273 │ The United Nations
274 │ From Reformasi to announcement of the Popular Consultation
274 │ Overview
275 │ The fall of Soeharto
277 │ The CNRT and the diplomatic campaign
277 │ The impact of Reformasi in Timor-Leste
278 │ Emergence of the militias
280 │ Xanana Gusmão calls for tolerance
281 │ Negotiations on the autonomy package
283 │ Growing militia terror
284 │ The 5 May Agreements
285 │ Security arrangements under the 5 May Agreements
286 │ Popular Consultation
286 │ Overview
287 │ UNAM ET deployment
287 │ Electoral Commission
288 │ The choice
288 │ Indonesian government coordination for the Popular Consultation
288 │ International presence in Timor-Leste
289 │ East Timorese and Indonesian observers
289 │ Security for the ballot
290 │ TNI-militia violence: June–July
291 │ Dare II
292 │ Voter registration
293 │ The campaign
295 │ Declining security situation: August
297 │ Final preparations for the vote
297 │ The ballot
298 │ The count and the results
299 │ Indonesia departs: scorched earth
299 │ Overview
300 │ Violence following announcement of the results
301 │ TNI takes formal control
303 │ The UNAMET compound
304 │ Growing international pressure
306 │ Forced evacuation of population
307 │ Interfet arrives: TNI withdraws
308 │ The formation of UNTAET: Security Council Resolution 1272, 25 October 1999
308 │ Returning home

339 │ Part 4: Regime of Occupation
343│Introduction
344│The Indonesian armed forces and their role in Timor-Leste
344 │ Introduction
345 │ Background of the Indonesian armed forces
352 │ Organisational structures of the Indonesian armed forces in Timor-Leste
363│Militarisation of East Timorese society
363 │ Introduction
364 │ Pre-Indonesian militarisation of Timor-Leste
365 │ Indonesian militarisation of Timorese political parties before the occupation
367 │ Establishment of East Timorese combat battalions
368 │ Early paramilitaries, 1976–1981
368 │ Paramilitaries in the 1980s
369 │ Civil defence forces
372 │ “Three-month military men”, (Milsas) 1989–1992
372 │ Operations assistants (Tenaga Bantuan Operasi, TBOs)
373 │ ‘Intel’ – East Timorese spies
376 │ 1990s and a focus on youth
376 │ Death squads
377 │ Militias, 1998–1999
389│Civil administration
389 │ The Provisional Government of Timor-Leste

413 │ Part 5: Resistance: Structure and Strategy
417│Introduction
420│Fretilin and the bases de apoio
420 │ Organisation of civilians
423 │ Military organisation
426 │ Fretilin’s socio-economic programme
432 │ Strategy
435 │ Protracted people’s war
436 │ Internal conflict
442│The end of bases de apoio
447│Restructuring the Resistance 1981–1987
447 │ Reorganising the Resistance for the new situation
451 │ Strategy
456│Falintil after 1987
466│Clandestine liberation movement

479 │ Part 6: The Profile of Human Rights Violations in Timor-Leste, 1974–1999
487│Introduction
488 │ Summary of key findings
490 │ Overview of the Commission’s information management and
data collection methods
491 │ Historical violation estimates in Timor-Leste and their
limitations
493│Fatal violations: analysis
493 │ Background and overview of statistical analysis of fatal violations
494 │ Objectives of analysis
xiv │ Chega! - Volume I
495 │ Overview of data and methods
496 │ Estimates of killings, deaths due to hunger and illness, and displacement
505 │ Descriptive statistical analysis of fatal violations reported to the Commission
525│Non-fatal violations
525 │ Introduction
525 │ Overview of statistical findings on non-fatal violations
528 │ In-depth descriptive statistical analysis of non-fatal violations
584│Mau Chiga case study
584 │ Introduction
584 │ Background to documentation effort
584 │ Limitations of the data
585 │ Historical background
586 │ Descriptive statistical analysis of violations reported to Mau Chiga Documentation Project
593│Summary and conclusion

Tables:
63 │ Milestones of the Commission
353│ Structure of military commands in Timor-Leste
377│ Militias in Timor-Leste, 1975–1999
390│ Indonesian administration structure, with Portuguese and Indonesian military
equivalents
395│ Composition of the Timor-Leste Provincial Assembly by Faction, 1980–1997
399│ District administrators by origin and affiliation, 1976–1999
421│ Fretilin regional structure since May 1976
422│ Fretilin administrative structure
450│ Military division of the territory at the National Reorganisation Conference
507│ Count of reported acts of civilian killing, 1975
510│ Reported acts of civilian killings and disappearances
513│ Percentage share of attributed responsibility for reported killings by phase,
1975–1999
523│ Reported violations & their detention context by district, 1974–1999
524│ Reported fatal violations & their detention context by violations, 1974–1999
525│ Reported fatal violations & their detention context by phase, 1974–1999
529│ Non-fatal violations by datasource, 1974–1999
530│ Relative distributions of victims per violation, the CAVR data
Volume I - Chega! │ xv
531│ Relative distributions of victims per violation, Fokupers data
531│ Relative distributions of victims per violation, Amnesty International data
535│ Non-fatal violations reported to the CAVR
547│ Violations by district
551│ Pattern of victims by sex
552│ Pattern of victims by sex over time
553│ Pattern of victims by sex between district
554│ Pattern of victims by age
555│ Pattern of victims by age over time, 1974–1999
556│ Pattern of victims by age between districts
564│ Data distribution based on CAVR, Fokupers, Amnesty International databases
573│ Reported violations and their detention context, based on types of violations, 1974–1999
574│ Reported violations and their detention context, based on phases, 1974–1999
575│ Reported violations and their detention context, based on districts, 1974–1999
576│ Reported violations and their detention context, based on sex, 1974–1999
577│ Reported violations and their detention context, based on age, 1974–1999
588│ Distribution of reported duration periods of displacement events of Mau Chiga residents, 1982–1985
589│ Cross-tabulation of reported duration periods of displacement events of Mau Chiga residents by location, 1982–1985
591│ Distribution of reported fatal violations by political affiliation of victim, 1974–1999
592│ Distribution of reported fatal violations by political affiliation and geographic
location, 1974–1999

Graphics:
497│ Estimated total killings in Timor-Leste based on RMS
498│ Estimated total killings in Timor-Leste using HRVD and GCD data
500│ Estimated total deaths by hunger/illness in Timor-Leste based on RMS
501│ Estimated total deaths by hunger/illness in Timor-Leste using dual system
503│ Estimated displacement events in Timor-Leste (with error bands)
504│ Total displaced households in Timor-Leste by region
506│ Number of reported acts of civilian killings, 1974−1999
506│ Number of reported acts of disappearance, 1974−1999
508│ Count of reported violations, by type and district
508│ Count of disappearance by region over time, 1974−1999
509│ Count of civilian killings by region over time, 1974−1999
511│ Fatal violations over time, 1974−1999, committed by territorial units
512│ Fatal violations over time, 1974−1999, committed by non-territorial units
512│ Fatal violations over time, 1974−1999, committed by Civil Defence Forces
514│ Count of victims of acts of civilian killings by victim group size, 1974−1999
515│ Count of victims of acts of disappearance by victim group size, 1974−1999
516│ Violations over time, 1974−1999
516│ Violations over time, 1974−1999
518│ Number of reported acts of civilian killings, by age and sex, 1974−1999
518│ Number of reported acts of disappearance, by age and sex, 1974−1999
519│ Age-sex specific violation rate of civilian killings (per 10,000 persons),
1974−1999
519│ Age-sex specific violation rate of disappearance (per 10,000 persons), 1974−1999
520│ Reported acts of civilian killings by victim affiliation, 1974−1999
520│ Reported acts of disappearance by victim affiliation, 1974−1999
521│ Number of reported acts of civilian killings, 1974−1999
522│ Number of reported acts of detention, 1974−1999
532│ Number of reported acts of non-fatal violations, 1974−1999
533│ Count of reported acts of detention, torture & ill-treatment, 1999
534│ Violations over time, 1999
536│ Count of reported acts of non-fatal violations attributed to Fretilin, UDT and Apodeti, 1975
537│ Violations over time, 1974−1999
538│ Non-fatal violations over time committed by Civil Defence Forces, 1974−1999
538│ Violations over time committed by Kopassus, 1974−1999
539│ Non-fatal violations over time committed by Police, 1974−1999
539│ Violations over time, 1974−1999
540│ Violations over time, 1999
541│ Reported acts of detention attributed to TNI, Police and Timorese Auxiliaries,
1974−1999
542│ Reported acts of torture attributed to TNI, Police and Timorese Auxiliaries,
1974−1999
542│ Reported acts of ill-treatment attributed to TNI, Police and Timorese Auxiliaries,
1974−1999
543│ Reported acts of detention attributed to TNI, Police and Timorese Auxiliaries,
1974−1999
543│ Reported acts of torture attributed to TNI, Police and Timorese Auxiliaries, 1999
544│ Reported acts of ill-treatment attributed to TNI, Police and Timorese Auxiliaries,
1999
545│ Count of reported acts of sexually-based violations attributed to TNI, Police and
Timorese Auxiliaries, 1974−1999
545│ Count of reported acts of sexually-based violations attributed to TNI, Police and
Timorese Auxiliaries, 1999
546│ Count of reported acts of property/economic violations attributed to TNI, Police and
Timorese Auxiliaries, 1974−1999
548│ Count of reported violations, by type and district (1)
549│ Count of reported violations, by type and district (2)
550│ Count of all reported non-fatal violations by region over time, 1974−1999
557│ Age-sex specific detention rate (per 10,000 persons), 1974−1999
558│ Age-sex specific torture rate (per 10,000 persons), 1974−1999
558│ Age-sex specific ill-treatment rate (per 10,000 persons), 1974−1999
559│ Age-sex specific violation rate of detention (per 10,000 persons), 1974−1999
559│ Age-sex specific violation rate of torture (per 10,000 persons), 1974−1999
560│ Age-sex specific violation rate of ill-treatment (per 10,000 persons), 1974−1999
560│ Number of reported acts of rape, by age and sex, 1974−1999
561│ Age-sex specific violation rate of rape (per 10,000 persons), 1974−1999
561│ Number of reported acts of sexual slavery, by age and sex, 1974−1999
562│ Age-sex specific violation rate of sexual slavery (per 10,000 persons), 1974−1999
562│ Number of reported acts of sexual violence, by age and sex, 1974−1999
563│ Age-sex specific violation rate of sexual violence (per 10,000 persons), 1974−1999
565│ Violations over time, 1974−1999
566│ Count of victims of acts of detention by victim group size, 1974−1999
567│ Count of victims of acts of torture by victim group size, 1974−1999
567│ Count of victims of acts of ill-treatment by victim group size, 1974−1999
568│ Violations over time, 1974−1999
569│ Reported acts of torture over time, 1974−1999
569│ Violations over time, 1974−1999
570│ Reported acts of threats over time, 1974−1999
570│ Reported acts of sexual based violence over time, 1974−1999
571│ Count of reported violations, by type and district
572│ Violations over time, 1974−1999
578│ Reported number of detainees on Ataúro, June 1980−October 1984
579│ Count of reported detentions, in and out of Ataúro, 1974−1999
579│ Reported acts of non-fatal violations by victim affiliation, 1974−1999
580│ Reported acts of non-fatal violations by victim affiliation, 1974−1979
580│ Reported acts of non-fatal violations by victim affiliation, 1980−1989
581│ Reported acts of non-fatal violations by victim affiliation, 1990−1998
581│ Reported acts of non-fatal violations by victim affiliation, 1999
582│ Number of reported acts of detention, by victim affiliation
582│ Number of reported acts of torture, by victim affiliation
583│ Reported acts of ill-treatment by victim affiliation, 1974−1999
583│ Reported acts of property/economic violations by victim affiliation,
1974−1999
587│ Number of reported displacement victims, by age and sex, 1974−1999
590│ Fatal violations over time, 1974−1999
593│ Number of reported hunger/illness deaths, by age and sex, 1974−1999

Contents to volume 2

595 │ Part 7.1: The Right to Self-Determination
601│ I ntroduction
601│ P reface
602│ The right of the people of Timor-Leste to self-determination
603│ O bligations of states
604│ The international context
606│ S ources
607│ The United Nations and the three major
stakeholders
607│The United Nations
609│Portugal
616│Indonesia
625│Australia
635│ The Security Council, its permanent members and Japan
635│The Security Council
642│China
645│France
648 │Russia (USSR)
651 │United Kingdom
657 │United States
667 │Japan
673 │Conclusion
675 │The Vatican
675 │Preface
675 │Background to the Vatican
676 │The Catholic Church in Timor-Leste
676 │Bishop José Joaquim Ribeiro (1966–1977)
677 │Dom Martinho da Costa Lopes (1977–1983)
680 │Dom Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo SDB (1983–2003)
682 │Pope John Paul II’s visit to Timor-Leste in 1989
686 │Conclusion
686 │ The diplomacy of the resistance
687 │Political parties and umbrella bodies
703│The diaspora
706│Conclusion
708│Civil society
708│Preface
709│International civil society
732│Indonesian civil society
739│Conclusion
740│Findings
740│The international community
742│The key stakeholders
757 │ Part 7.2: Unlawful Killings and Forced Disappearances
769 │ I ntroduction
769 │ D efinitions
772 │ M ethodology
773 │ Quantitative overview
773 │ Killings and disappearances perpetrated by the Resistance
774 │ Killings and disappearances perpetrated by the Indonesian
security forces
776 │ U nlawful killings and enforced disappearances during
the internal conflict: 11 August–24 September 1975
783 │ U nlawful killings before the UDT armed action of 11 August
783 │ Killings on 11 August, the day of the UDT armed movement
786 │ U nlawful killings following the UDT armed movement, 12–17 August
790 │ U nlawful killings between 18–20 August
792 │ Killings between 21 August and 30 August, the major period of
the internal armed conflict
796 │ Execution of detainees and other killings in September
799 │ O ther killings
801│ U nlawful killings and enforced disappearances during
the Indonesian occupation (1975–1999)
801│ U nlawful killings by Indonesian military before the invasion in
December 1975
806│ U nlawful killings by Indonesian military during the invasion of
Dili 7–8 December 1975
825│ U nlawful killings by Fretilin after the Indonesian invasion
(December 1975 and February 1976)
838│ U nlawful killings and enforced disappearances by ABRI after the
Indonesian invasion, 1976–1979
854│ Killings after the fall of the bases de apoio
913│ U nlawful killings and enforced disappearances by Fretilin/
Falintil 1976–1979
944 │Unlawful killings and enforced disappearances by ABRI/TNI
1980–1984
1001│Unlawful killings and enforced disapperances by TNI 1985–1989
1005│Unlawful killings and enforced disappearances by Indonesian
security forces, 1990–1998
1045│Fatal violations committed by Fretilin/Falintil, 1980–1999
1058│Unlawful killings and enforced disappearances, 1999
1116│Findings
1118│Internal conflict, 1974–1976
1122│Indonesian Occupation 1975–1999
1165 │ Part 7.3: F orced Displacement and Famine
1173│ I ntroduction
1175│ D efinitions and methodology
1175│Displacement
1177│Famine
1179│Gathering information
1180│ D isplacement and famine caused by internal conflict
(1974–1975)
1180│Displacement due to political rivalries (1974–1975)
1181│Displacement caused by the internal conflict
1182│The flight to West Timor
1184│Forcible transfer to West Timor
1185│Refugee numbers in West Timor
1186│Conditions and humanitarian assistance in West Timor
1188│Food shortages and humanitarian assistance in Timor-Leste
1188│Hunger and deaths
1189│ D isplacement and famine during the Indonesian
occupation (1975–1979)
1189│Invasion, displacement and evacuation 1975–1977
1198│Life and death in the mountains (1976–1978)
1210│On the run (1976–1978)
1225│Surrender, camps and famine (1978–1981)
1238│Resettlement camps
1249│Emergency humanitarian response (1979–1980)
1262│ F orced displacement and localised famine in the 1980s
1274│Retaliatory internment and collective punishment: Ataúro and
other internment camps
1285│Alternatives to internment on Ataúro: Raifusa and Dotik
1292│ D isplacement before and after the Popular Consultation,
1999
1294│Initial turbulence (November 1998–March 1999)
1299│First mass displacements, April 1999
1308│The quiet before the storm (May–August 1999)
1313│Massive displacement and deportation, September 1999
1333│Refugees in West Timor
1337│Returning home
1338│ F indings
1340│The internal conflict August–September 1975
1341│The invasion
1343│Food crops and livestock destroyed
1344│Life and death in the mountains
1346│Camps and settlements under Indonesian military control
1347│Humanitarian aid
1348│Strategic relocation villages and internment
1349│Displacement before and after the Popular Consultation in 1999

Contents of volume 3
Part 7.4. Arbitrary Detention, Torture
and Ill-treatment
1379│Introduction
1380│Definitions and legal principles
1380│Arbitrary detention
1380│Arrest
1380│Detention and imprisonment
1381│Torture
1381│Cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment (ill-treatment)
1382│Distinguishing between ill-treatment and torture
1383│Prohibitions under domestic law on assault and mistreatment
1383│Patterns of detention, ill-treatment and torture over the mandate
period
1384│Patterns over time
1385│Patterns over space
1386│The victims
1387│Gender
1387│Affiliation
1387│Group size
1389│Institutional perpetrators
1391│Where people were detained
1391│Structure of the part and key findings
1392│Detention, torture and ill-treatment by UDT, 1975
1392│Detention, torture and ill-treatment by Fretilin, 1975
1392│Detention, torture and ill-treatment by Fretilin/Falintil, 1977–1979
1393│Detention, torture and ill-treatment by the Indonesian security
forces and collaborators, 1975–1979
1393│Detention, torture and ill-treatment by the Indonesian security
forces and East Timorese auxiliaries, 1980–1984
1393│Detention, torture and ill-treatment by the Indonesian security
forces and East Timorese auxiliaries, 1985–1998
1394│Detention, torture and ill-treatment by the Indonesian security
forces and East Timorese auxiliaries, 1999
1394│Detention and torture by UDT, 1975
1394│Introduction
1395│Statistical patterns
1396│Victims
1397│Arbitrary arrest
1398│Detention centres and cases of human rights violations
1398│Detention centres
1399│Dili
1401│Box: Manuel Agustinho Freitas, detention in Palapaço
1403│Ermera
1405│Box: Manuel Duarte, imprisoned in Aifu
1407│Bobonaro
1410│Manufahi
1410│Baucau
1411│Liquiçá
1412│Lautém
1413│Forced labour
1413│Detention, torture and ill-treatment by Fretilin,
August 1975–February 1976
1413│Introduction
1415│The Fretilin armed reaction
1415│The General Armed Insurrection
1416│Reasons for arbitrary detention
1417│Places of detention
1417│Dili
1419│Comarca Balide
1420│Aileu
1421│Manufahi
1423│Ermera
1425│Ainaro
1425│Baucau
1426│Lautém
1427│Liquiçá
1427│Viqueque
1428│Manatuto
1429│Bobonaro
1429│The period of Fretilin administration
1430│Continuing detention of UDT supporters
1431│The detention of Apodeti supporters and members
1432│Movement of detainees between detention centres
1434│Box: Life in Aissirimou
1436│Trials of Fretilin detainees
1438│Following the full-scale Indonesian invasion
1439│Box: Escaping the Balide Comarca, 7 December 1975:
Anselmo dos Santos and Frederico Almeida Santos
1441│The movement of prisoners from Dili to Aileu and then to Same
1443│Hola Rua (Same, Manufahi)
1444│Detention, torture and ill-treatment by Fretilin/Falintil, 1976–1979
1446│Justice under the Fretilin administration
1447│Reasons for detention
1447│Treason by planning to surrender or contacting people in ABRI
areas
1450│Box: Detention of Father Luis da Costa
1452│Internal armed conflicts
1452│Conflict between Helio Pina and José da Silva, October 1976
1454│Disputes in Iliomar, Lautém, November 1976
1454│Box: Fretilin internal conflict in Iliomar, November 1976
1456│Dispute between Francisco Xavier do Amaral and the CCF,
September 1977
1456│Box: The detention and torture of Francisco Xavier do Amaral
1459│Enforcing discipline
1460│Renals and other Fretilin detention centres
1462│Ermera
1462│Viqueque
1463│Lautém
1665│Aileu
1466│Box: The Nundamar Renal in Remexio, Aileu
1470│Box: The detention of Ambulan
1471│Manufahi
1471│Box: The detention of Tomé da Costa Magalhães
1473│Liquiçá
1474│Box: Violence in the Fretilin zones
1475│Arbitrary detention, torture and ill-treatment by the Indonesian
occupation authorities, 1975–1979
1475│Introduction
1475│Profile of violations: 1975 to 1979
1477│Perpetrators
1479│Detentions during the invasion
1479│August–November, 1975
1480│Dili
1480│The invasion
1481│The days following the invasion
1484│Box: Detention centres in Dili
1488│Early patterns of detention
1490│Victims targeted for detention
1491│Box: Allegiance to Indonesia
1491│Interrogation, torture and other cruel and inhuman treatment
1492│Box: Interrogation in Dili
1494│Takeover of other areas
1495│Community divisions
1496│Detention outside Dili
1497│Box: Case study: detention centres in the city of Baucau
1499│Securing the territory, 1976–1979
1500│Development of intelligence networks
1501│Detention of Resistance fighters
1502│Detention for being part of a Falintil attack
1503│Box: Released but not free
1505│Detention of clandestine members
1505│Box: The breaking of a clandestine network
1508│Box: Interrogation of a clandestine member
1509│Detention due to family members in the forest
1511│Detentions after surrender or capture
1511│Early surrenders
1512│Box: Story of an East Timorese translator during interrogations
1514│Mass surrenders: 1978–1979
1517│Box: Detention in Uma Metan Camp, Alas, Manufahi
1519│Capture of communities: 1978–1979
1520│Detentions after returning home
1521│Box: Framing of a former Fretilin leader
1522│Conclusion
1523│Detentions by the Indonesian occupation authorities, 1980–1984
1523│Introduction
1524│Profile of violations
1528│The Marabia uprising (levantamento), Dili, 10 June 1980
1528│Arbitrary detention
1529│Torture and ill-treatment
1530│Box: The detention and torture of Bernardino Ximenes Villanova
1532│Transfer of political detainees to the island of Ataúro
1534│Box: Ataúro
1537│Operation Security (Operasi Keamanan), 1981
1540│After Operation Security
1541│Late 1982 – Falintil levantamento around Mount Kablaki
1542│Early arrests
1542│Following the levantamento
1542│Arrest
1544│Detention and interrogation
1544│Torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading
treatment
1545│Village detention
1547│Forced displacement after the attacks
1548│Detention during the ceasefire, March to August 1983
1549│The breakdown of the ceasefire and Operation Unity,
August 1983
1550│Kraras
1552│Uato Carbau
1552│Iliomar
1553│Mehara
1555│Box: Maria’s story
1555│Torture and iIl-treatment
1556│Aftermath of the levantamento
1556│Transfer of detainees out of the area
1557│Village detention in Lalerek Mutin, Viqueque
1557│Mass detentions in Lautém
1558│Operation Security (Operasi Keamanan) in other districts of
Timor-Leste
1560│Aileu, 1983
1561│Box: Prisons in Indonesia, 1983 to the late 1990s
1563│Arrests of members of the urban clandestine movement
1565│Box: Arrest and interrogation in Dili late 1983
1566│Arbitrary detention, torture and ill-treatment in 1984
1569│Detentions and torture by the Indonesian occupation
authorities, 1985–1998
1569│Introduction
1570│Profile of violations
1570│Violations over space
1571│Detention and torture
1572│Perpetrator affiliation
1572│Detention of clandestine members
1573│1985 to 1998
1575│Box: Prisons in Timor-Leste
1577│1989 to 1998
1578│Box: Detention of a clandestine leader
1581│Box: Clandestine arrests in Dili
1582│The arrest of clandestine members in Indonesia
1582│Demonstrations
1583│Arrests in anticipation of a demonstration
1583│The visit of Pope John Paul II
1584│The Portuguese parliamentary delegation
1586│Arrests at or after an event
1586│The Mass at Tacitolu by Pope John Paul II
1587│Visit of the US Ambassador John Monjo
1588│SMPN IV School, Dili
1588│Santa Cruz demonstration
1590│Box: Detention for guidance
1591│Cancelled visit of the Portuguese parliamentary
delegation
1592│Box: The rise of the militias, 1985–1998
1595│Interrogation and torture of victims connected to demonstrations
1598│Box: Interrogation after the Santa Cruz demonstration
1599│Demonstration in Jakarta, 19 November 1991 and the Bali
arrests
1601│Untim demonstrations
1602│SARA and civil unrest
1604│Incidents after the award of Nobel Peace Prize
1605│Box: Ninja gangs and anti-ninja gangs
1606│The hunt for Falintil leaders in the 1990s
1608│Box: Xanana Gusmão’s arrest
1610│Box: Olga Corte-Real’s story
1611│Reprisals for Resistance attacks
1611│Baucau, October 1992
1612│Ermera, October 1996
1613│Attacks around the time of the 1997 Indonesian national election
1614│Arrests following the Dili attack
1615│Arrests following the attack in Quelicai (Baucau)
1619│Box: Police
1620│Liquiçá, July 1997
1621│Two Falintil incidents in Alas (Manufahi), late 1998
1621│The first attack
1623│The second attack
1623│Detention, torture and ill-treatment by the Indonesian
occupation authorities, 1999
1626│Statistical profile of detention, torture and ill-treatment in 1999
1626│Patterns over time for both detention and torture
1627│Patterns over space
1627│Length of detention
1627│Targeted groups in 1999
1628│CNRT members
1628│Clandestine members
1628│Student activists
1629│UNAMET staff
1629│Perpetrators
1631│Detention locations
1632│Reasons for detention and torture
1632│Forcible recruitment of militia
1633│Assertion of pro-autonomy forces’ authority over the community
1633│Retaliation against Resistance attacks
1633│Punishment of individuals who openly declared support for
independence
1634│Obtaining intelligence about pro-independence leaders and
structures
1634│Transportation of civilians and capture of those fleeing
1634│Detentions and torture, November 1998–March 1999
1634│Before the announcement of the Popular Consultation
1636│After announcement of two options
1637│Dilor, Viqueque, 20 March
1638│Maliana, Bobonaro, March 1999
1638│Zumalai, Covalima, March 1999
1638│Detentions and torture in April 1999
1639│Liquiçá, April 1999
1640│Ermera, April 1999
1641│Covalima, April 1999
1643│Cailaco, Bobonaro, April 1999
1644│Oecussi, April 1999
1645│Dili, 17 April 1999
1646│Viqueque, April 1999
1647│Molop, Bobonaro, 24 April 1999
1647│May 1999
1648│Falintil attack in Lolotoe, Bobonaro, May 1999
1650│Ermera, May 1999
1651│Continuing search for clandestine members
1653│Box: Identifying marks
1653│Manatuto, the involvement of the district administrator
1654│Detentions and torture between June and 30 August, the day
of the Popular Consultation
1656│Detentions and torture after the Popular Consultation
1657│After the Popular Consultation
1658│Punishment and revenge
1659│Cases of detention before evacuation
1659│Detention of individuals targeted for execution
1660│Release
1660│Reporting requirements
1661│Bribes
1662│Intervention by others
1662│Escape
1662│Torture and ill-treatment in 1999
1663│Humiliation and degradation
1663│Public violence
1664│Verbal abuse
1664│Other cruel and degrading treatment
1665│Conclusion
1665│Findings
1665│Detentions, torture and ill-treatment by UDT
1665│Detention
1666│Ill-treatment and torture
1667│Detentions, torture and ill-treatment by Fretilin
1667│During the internal armed conflict
1667│Detention
1669│Torture and ill-treatment
1671│1976–1979
1671│Detention
1672│Torture and ill-treatment
1673│Detentions, torture and ill-treatment by the Indonesian military,
police and agents
1673│Arrest and detention
1675│Conditions of detention
1678│Interrogation
1679│Torture and ill-treatment
1683│Release
Part 7.5. Violations of the Laws of War
1717 │ Introduction
1721 │ Relevant standards
1722 │ Violations of the laws of war by Indonesian military forces
1722 │ Attacks on civilians and civilian properties
1728 │ Box: The bombs came from the sky, or the coast and the ground
1731 │ Economic and property violations –collateral damage or
deliberate strategy?
1732 │ 1975–1977
1734 │ 1978–1979
1735 │ 1980s
1737 │ 1990s
1739 │ Destruction in 1999
1743 │ Mistreatment of enemy combatants
1743 │ Box: Status of Falintil
1746 │ Unlawful means of warfare
1751 │ Forced recruitment into military activity
1753 │ Patterns of recruitment
1755 │ Work as a TBO–risks and dangers
1757 │ TBOs in Operation Kikis, 1981
1758 │ Forced to look for family in the forest
1761 │ Tombak (Spear) Troops
1762 │ Forced night watch and patrol
1765 │ Violations of the laws of war by Fretilin/Falintil
1770 │ Attacks on civilian objects
1770 │ Findings
1770 │ Findings concerning the Indonesian armed forces
1773 │ Findings concerning Fretilin/Falintil
Part 7.6. Political Trials
1789 │ Introduction
1790 │ Legal framework
1791 │ Indonesian law
1792 │ International humanitarian law
1792 │ International human rights standards
1793 │ Analytical framework
1793 │ The first wave of political trials, 1983–1985
1793 │ Background
1796 │ Formal legal processes
1797 │ Informing defendants of their basic rights
1799 │ Torture and ill-treatment in detention
1800 │ Record of Interrogation (RoI)
1802 │ Trial
1802 │ Indictment
1805 │ Courtroom conditions
1806 │ Witness testimony
1807 │ The right to defence counsel of choice, and to an effective defence
1811 │ The presumption of innocence
1812 │ Independence and impartiality of the tribunal
1812 │ Right to appeal
1813 │ Conclusions
1815 │ The Santa Cruz trials, 1992
1815 │ Factual overview
1815 │ Background
1816 │ Findings of fact as determined by the court during the trials
1817 │ Facts according to independent sources
1817 │ Arrest
1818 │ Pre-trial
1818 │ Conditions at the Comoro Police headquarters (Polda)
1820 │ Investigation
1820 │ Information seeking
1821 │ Illegal methods of seeking confessions
1821 │ Fabrication of evidence
1822 │ Access to a lawyer
1825 │ Trial
1825 │ Indictment
1825 │ Courtroom conditions
1826 │ Witnesses
1828 │ Evidence
1829 │ Prosecution
1830 │ Defence
1833 │ Judges
1835 │ Decisions
1836 │ Appeal
1837 │ Imprisonment
1838 │ Trials and punishment of Indonesian security personnel
involved in the Santa Cruz massacre
1838 │ Conclusions
1842 │ The Jakarta trials, 1992
1843 │ Arrest
1843 │ Arrests in Jakarta
1844 │ The arrest in Denpasar, Bali
1845 │ Pre-trial detention
1846 │ Conditions of detention in Jakarta
1846 │ Conditions of detention in Denpasar, Bali
1847 │ Access to a lawyer
1848 │ Investigation
1849 │ Trial
1849 │ Indictment
1849 │ The charges against João Freitas da Camara
1850 │ The charges against Fernando de Araujo
1851 │ Courtroom conditions
1852 │ Witnesses
1852 │ Evidence
1852 │ Performance of defence counsel
1853│ Substance of the defence
1853 │ Decisions and sentences
1854 │ Appeal
1855 │ Conclusion
1856 │ The trial of Xanana Gusmão, 1993
1857 │ Pre-trial
1857 │ Arrest
1858 │ Pre-trial detention
1860 │ Investigation
1861 │ Access to a lawyer
1864 │ Trial
1864 │ Indictment
1865 │ Court-room conditions
1866 │ Language
1867 │ Witnesses
1869 │ Performance of defence counsel
1871 │ Xanana Gusmão’s defence plea
1873 │ Judges
1875 │ Application for clemency
1876 │ Judicial review
1876 │ The sentence
1877 │ Conclusion
1878 │ The Mahkota trial, 1997
1879 │ Arrest
1880 │ Pre-trial detention
1882 │ Access to a lawyer
1883 │ Investigation
1884 │ The trial
1884 │ Indictment
1886 │ The openness of the trial
1886 │ Witnesses
1887 │ Evidence
1887 │ Performance of defence lawyers
1888 │ The defence case
1889 │ Performance of judges
1890 │ Decision and sentences
1891 │ Appeal
1891 │ Conclusion
1892 │ Findings
Part 7.7. Rape, Sexual Slavery and Other
Forms of Sexual Violence
1913 │ Introduction
1916 │ Definition and methodology
1918 │ Culture of silence
1919 │ Rape
1921 │ Rape in the context of inter-party conflict (1975)
1921 │ Rape by UDT party members
1921 │ Rape by members of Fretilin and Falintil
1922 │ Rape during the Indonesian occupation (1975–1999)
1923 │ Rape by members of Falintil
1924 │ Rape by members of the Indonesian armed forces and their
auxiliaries: during the invasion and large-scale operations
(1975–1984)
1925 │ A. Rape at the time of surrender (1975–1979)
1927 │ B. Gang rape as part of military attacks
1928 │ C. Rape at military installations
1928 │ Box: Rape at the Uatolari Koramil (Sub-district Military Command Post)
1979–1981
1931 │ Box: Rape of male detainees
1934 │ Box: Rape of female detainees in the Flamboyan Hotel
1938 │ D. Other rapes
1940 │ Rape during consolidation of the occupation (1985–1998)
1940 │ A. Rape in detention
1942 │ B. Rape without legal recourse
1945 │ C. Rape in and around the victim’s home
1947 │ Box: Testimony and evidence from Mário Viegas Carrascalão on
violence against women from 1982 to 1992
1949 │ Rape and the Popular Consultation
1950 │ A. Rapes before the Popular Consultation (April–August 1999)
1954 │ B. Rapes after the announcement of the Popular
Consultation results (September–October 1999)
1957 │ Box: The rape and killing of ZE, 11 September 1999
1960 │ Box: Rape and sexual slavery after the Suai Church Massacre,
6 September 1999
1967 │ Sexual slavery
1969 │ The victim’s perspective
1970 │ Sexual slavery in the context of inter-party conflict
1971 │ Sexual slavery during the Indonesian occupation (1975–1999)
1971 │ Sexual slavery during the invasion and large-scale operations
(1975–1984)
1971 │ A. Military sexual slavery in military installations
1975 │ B. Military sexual slavery outside military installations
1976 │ C. Domestic sexual slavery
1979 │ D. Consecutive domestic sexual slavery
1982 │ E. Case study: rape and sexual slavery in Mau Chiga, Ainaro
1983 │ E.1 Internment in Dare, Ainaro
1990 │ E.2 Internment on the island of Ataúro, Dili
1991 │ E.3 Internment in Dotik (Alas, Manufahi)
1992 │ Box: Testimony of XH, Mau Chiga, Hato Builico, Ainaro
1995 │ Sexual slavery during consolidation of the occupation (1985–1998)
1996 │ Box: Testimony of MI, Lalerek Mutin, Viqueque
1999 │ Sexual slavery by members of Falintil
1999 │ Sexual slavery and the Popular Consultation (1999)
2000 │ Box: Rape and sexual slavery by Halilintar militia in Atabae,
Bobonaro
2006 │ Other forms of sexual violence
2006 │ Other forms of sexual violence in the context of inter-party conflict
2007 │ Other forms of sexual violence during the Indonesian occupation
(1975–1999)
2007 │ Sexual torture and humiliation in detention
2012 │ Box: Testimony of DK, Mehara, Tutuala
2015 │ Photographing of detainees
2018 │ Public sexual humiliation
2020 │ Sexual harassment
2022 │ The impact of sexual violations on victims
2023 │ Reproductive health
2024 │ Unsafe abortions
2025 │ Mental health
2027 │ Spiral of victimisation
2027 │ Self-blame
2028 │ Blaming the victim
2029 │ Loss of virginity, loss of marriage opportunities
2030 │ Survival and discrimination against children
2032 │ Marital separation or reconciliation
2033 │ Findings
2033 │ Sexual violations by members of Fretilin and UDT
2034 │ Sexual violations by members of Falintil
2034 │ Rape and sexual torture by members of the Indonesian security
forces
2037 │ Impunity for perpetrators of rape and sexual torture
2038 │ Sexual slavery
2039 │ Impunity for perpetrators of sexual slavery
2039 │ Sexual violations as a tool of terror and degradation
2040 │ Total number of victims of sexual violations
2040 │ Impact on victims
Part 7.8. Violation of the Rights of the Child
2055 │ Introduction
2059 │ Research methods
2059 │ Children in the armed political conflicts and the clandestine
movement
2061 │ Children as TBOs and on operations
2062 │ Patterns of recruitment of TBOs
2063 │ Box: The status of TBOs in the military
2064│ The number of child TBOs
2065 │ Why ABRI recruited children as TBOs
2067 │ Reasons for joining
2067 │ Coercion
2069 │ Duties
2070 │ Conditions and treatment
2071 │ Box: The everyday life of a TBO:
“If we died, it didn’t matter”
2072 │ Fatalities
2074 │ Payment
2074 │ Post-service
2075 │ Children on operations: Operation Security
2077 │ Children recruited by pro-autonomy militias
2078 │ Methods of recruitment
2081 │ Activities
2082 │ Child militia members killed or disappeared
2082 │ Impact
2083 │ Children in the clandestine network
2084│ How children became involved
2086 │ Reasons for joining the Resistance
2087 │ Impact
2087 │ Estafeta
2089 │ Children as spies and lookouts
2090 │ Campaigning
2093 │ Children in Falintil
2093 │ Recruitment
2093 │ 1975–1979
2097 │ 1980–1989
2098 │ 1990–1999
2098 │ Training
2099 │ Risks involved in joining Falintil
2100 │ Demobilisation and conversion to FDTL
2101 │ Arbitrary detention, killings and sexual violence perpetrated
against children
2101 │Arbitrary detention and torture
2101 │ Introduction
2101 │ Patterns of detention of minors
2104 │ Detentions by the Indonesian authorities
2104 │ 1975–1979
2106 │ 1980–1988
2108 │ Box: A child on Ataúro
2111 │ 1989–1998
2112 │ Box: The testimony of Naldo Gil da Costa
2113 │ 1999
2114 │ Detentions by UDT
2115 │ Detentions by Fretilin
2117 │Killings and disappearances
2117 │ Introduction
2117 │ Profile of violations
2120 │ Invasion and military operations
2120 │ 1975–1979
2122 │ 1980–1988
2123 │ 1989–1998
2124 │ 1999
2126 │ Killings of children by Fretilin and Falintil
2126 │ The period of party conflict
2128 │ 1975–1979
2129 │ Falintil attacks
2130 │Sexual violations
2131 │ Patterns of violations
2132 │ 1974–1979
2134 │ 1980–1989
2135 │ Box: Prosecution of rape of a minor, Dili Court, 1982
2138 │ 1990–1998
2138 │ 1999
2139 │ Box: ZM (as told by her aunt, ZM1, in November 1999)
2141│ The transfer of children to Indonesia
2143 │ The number of children sent to Indonesia
2144 │ Patterns over the mandate period
2144 │ 1976–1979
2144 │ Children taken by individual soldiers
2145 │ Box: The Seroja Orphanage
2147 │ Box: Yuliana (Bileki)
2148 │ Box: Abduction of a baby in Ermera
2150 │ Box: Forced adoption: Aida’s story
2150 │ Was the removal of children official military policy?
2151 │ Transfer by government officials and charitable
organisations
2152 │ Box: “The President’s Children”
2153 │ 1980–1989
2154 │ Box: The case of Thomas da Costa
2155 │ Religious institutions and the transfer of children
2156 │ 1990–1998
2156 │ Children taken by religious institutions
2157 │ Programmes of the Ministries of Education and
Manpower
2158 │ 1999
2161 │ Conditions for children living in Indonesia
2162 │ Loss of cultural identity
2163 │ Mistreatment
2163 │ Box: Alfredo Reinado Alves’ story
2165 │ Findings and conclusion
2166 │ Children in armed conflict and the clandestine movement
2166 │ Children used by the Indonesian military as TBOs (Operations
Assistants)
2167 │ Children in Falintil and in clandestine movement
2168 │ Children recruited by pro-autonomy militias in 1999
2169 │ Inhuman treatment of children
2169 │ Arbitrary detention
2171 │ Arbitrary killing of children
2173 │ Sexual violence committed against children
2175 │ The transfer of children to Indonesia
Part 7.9. Economic and Social Rights
2191│ Introduction
2194 │Box: The duties of an occupying power relating to social
and economic conditions
2195 │ The Commission’s work on economic and social rights
2195 │ Social and economic rights and other rights
2197│ The right to an adequate standard of living
2197 │ Development and government spending
2202 │ The coffee sector
2203 │ Management of the coffee sector under Indonesian administration
2204 │ The value of the coffee sector
2208 │ Military involvement in the East Timorese economy
2208 │ Right of a people to dispose of natural resources
2208 │ Sandalwood
2209 │ Forest cover
2210 │ The Timor Sea
2211 │ The right to food
2213 │ Box: Economic and social impacts of “resettlement camps”
2216 │ Housing and land
2219 │ Box: Economic effects of the 1999 scorched earth policy
2221 │ Right to health
2221 │ The meaning of the “right to health”
2222 │ Public health under Portuguese rule
2223 │ The Indonesian occupation
2223 │ Infant and mother mortality and child development
2224 │ Reduction of disease
2225 │ Access to health services
2226 │Box: Economic and social impact of displacement to
West Timor in 1999
2227 │ Coerced birth control
2233 │ Mental health and trauma
2235│ Box: Forced recruitment
2237 │ Right to education
2237 │ Box: The right to education
2243 │ Findings
2243 │ General findings
2244 │ Specific findings
2244 │ The right to an adequate standard of living
2244 │ Development and government spending
2244 │ Rights over natural resources
2245 │ The right to adequate food
22245 │ Housing and land
2245 │ Rights to health and education

Contents of volume 4
Contents
xi │ Map of Timor-Leste
2253 │ Part 8: Responsibility and Accountability
2262│Introduction
2261│State, institutional and individual responsibility
2264│Legal killings and detentions
2265│The focus on institutional responsibility
2265│Principal findings
2265│The State of Indonesia and the Indonesian security forces
2268│The systematic programme of violations in 1999
2269│Principal findings on the responsibility of Fretilin
2270│Principal findings on the responsibility of the UDT political party
2272│Principal findings on the responsibility of the Apodeti political
party
2272│Principal findings on the responsibility of the KOTA and
Trabalhista parties
2273│Methodology for identification of institutional
responsibility
2275│Perpetrator identification in the human rights violations
database
2276│Responsibility and accountability of the Indonesian
security forces
2277│Evidence relied on in this section
2277│Violations committed by members of the Indonesian security
forces
2315│Individual responsibility for widespread and systematic
violations
2315│High-level responsibility
2330│Responsibility and accountability of the East Timorese
political parties
2332│The responsibility and accountability of Fretilin/Falintil
2345│The responsibility and accountability of the UDT political party
2351│The responsibility and accountability of the Apodeti party
2352│The responsibility and accountability of the Trabalhista and
KOTA parties
2353│State responsibility
2353│Responsibility of the State of Indonesia
2355│Responsibility of the State of Portugal
2357│Responsibility of the State of Australia
2358│Responsibility of the United States of America
2360│Responsibility of the United Nations
2361│Annexe 1: Responsibility of the Indonesian security forces
for violations committed in 1999
2361│Introduction
2365│Responsibility of the TNI for the violations
2365│Members of the TNI as direct perpetrators of violations
2367│The responsibility of the TNI for the actions of militia groups
2378│TNI knowledge, threats and warnings before the mass violence
in September 1999
2379│The failure of the TNI to punish perpetrators/institutional
rewards to those involved
2381│The role of members of the Indonesian police
2382│Collaboration and participation of officials of the Indonesian
local and central government
2384│Findings and conclusions
2385│Conclusions
2386│Annexe 2: Command responsibility
2406│Annexe 3: Persons with high-level command responsibility
2413│Annexe 4: Careers of selected Indonesian officers who
served in Timor-Leste
2421 │ Part 9: Community Reconciliation
2427│Introduction
2427│Overview of this part
2429│Background
2434│Origins of the Community Reconciliation Process/CRP
2437│The Community Reconciliation Process
2437│Objectives of the process
2438│The procedural framework
2442│CRP’s reliance on both lisan and law
2442│Implementation of the CRP programme
2442│Staff
2443│Timeline
2443│Initial challenges
2444│Community involvement
2445│The CRP hearing
2453│The role of lisan in the hearings
2460│Results of the CRP programme
2460│Overall
2464│Number of deponents in a CRP
2464│Actions dealt with by CRP
2464│Acts of reconciliation
2466│The effectiveness of the CRP programme
2466│Reintegrating perpetrators into their communities
2468│Restoring the dignity of victims
2468│Establishing the truth about human rights violations
2471│Promoting reconciliation
2472│Lessons learned
2474│Broader impacts of the CRP programme
2474│CRP as a symbol of the end of the conflict
2475│Contribution to the fight against impunity
2477│CRP’s contribution to capacity building
2478│CRP: a unique approach to justice
2481│Reflections
2481│Conclusion
2482│Unfinished business
2483│The future of the CRP
2487 │ Part 10: Acolhimento and Victim Support
2493│Introduction
2494│Structure of the Unit
2494│Interpretation
2498│Reception and outreach
2498│Background
2500│Monitoring recent returnees
2503│Outreach to West Timor
2512│Restoring the dignity of victims
2512│Introduction
2513│Public Hearings
2526│Healing workshops
2536│Urgent reparations
2544│Community profiles
2560│Lessons learned
2567│ Part 11: Recommendations
2573│Introduction
2573│Recommendations
2575│Timor-Leste and the international community
2577│Timor-Leste and Portugal
2578│Human rights in Timor-Leste: promoting and protecting all
rights for all
2585│Human rights at home: promoting and protecting the rights of
the vulnerable
2588│Human rights at home: promoting and protecting human rights
through effective institutions
2593│Human rights at home: security services that protect and
promote human rights
2597│Justice and truth
2604│Reconciliation
2606│Reconciliation in the East Timorese political community
2607│Reconciliation with Indonesia
2610│Acolhimento (Reception)
2612│Reparations
2622│Follow-on institution to the CAVR

Contents of volume 5
2625 │ Annexe 1: Timor-Leste 1999:
Crimes against Humanity —
Report Commissioned by the United Nations Office of the High
Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) by Geoffrey Robinson, UCLA
2633│Preface
2636│ Executive summary
2637 │Method and mandate
2638│Outline and conclusions
2640│Historical and political context
2640│Indonesian invasion and occupation
2643│Resistance
2644│International response
2646│Breakthrough in Indonesia
2648│UNAMET and the Popular Consultation
2651│Indonesia: power and strategy
2652│The Indonesian Armed Forces
2656│The Militias
2658│The Indonesian Police
2659│The civilian government and the ‘socialisation’ campaign
2661│Pro-autonomy political parties
2662│Specialised government bodies
2664│Violations, victims and perpetrators
2665│Types of violation
2669│Chronology of violations: three periods
2672│Victims
2677│The perpetrators
2680│Patterns and variations
2680│Temporal variation – turning off the faucet
2685│Police inaction and complicity
2688│Militia modus operandi
2691│Geographical variations
2695│Six key documents
2695│Operation Clean Sweep
2697│The Tavares Document
2698│The Garnadi Document
2700│The East Timor Integration Savior Brigade Telegram
2702│Operation Pull-Out
2705 │Militias: history, formation and legal recognition
2706 │Historical patterns
2710 │Militia formation
2716 │Political and legal recognition
2721 │Militias: recruitment, training, operations and weapons
2721 │Recruitment and membership
2724 │Training
2726 │Operations
2729 │Weapons: testimonial evidence
2733 │Weapons: documentary evidence
2736 │Militias: funding and material support
2736 │‘Socialisation’ and militia funding
2740 │Sources of government funding
2745 │TNI funding and material support
2748 │FPDK as funding channel
2749 │Militia budgets
2752 │District summaries
2752 │Aileu (Kodim 1632)
2755 │Ainaro (Kodim 1633)
2759 │Baucau (Kodim 1628)
2762 │Bobonaro (Kodim 1636)
2768 │Covalima (Kodim 1635)
2771 │Dili (Kodim 1627)
2777 │Ermera (Kodim 1637)
2782 │Lautém (Kodim 1629)
2786 │Liquiçá (Kodim 1638)
2792 │Manatuto (Kodim 1631)
2797 │Manufahi (Kodim 1634)
2800 │Oecussi (Kodim 1639)
2802 │Viqueque (Kodim 1630)
2805 │Case studies: major human rights incidents
2806 │Liquiçá church massacre (6 April 1999)
2810 │Cailaco killings (12 April 1999)
2813 │Carrascalão house massacre (17 April 1999)
2818 │The killing of two students at Hera (20 May 1999)
2819 │Arbitrary detention and rape in Lolotoe (May-June 1999)
2821 │Attack on UNAM ET Maliana (29 June 1999)
2824 │Attack on humanitarian convoy (4 July 1999)
2828 │Murder of UNAM ET staff members at Boboe Leten (30 August 1999)
2831 │Forcible relocation and murder of refugees in Dili (5-6 September
1999)
2835 │Suai church massacre (6 September 1999)
2839 │Maliana Police Station massacre (8 September 1999)
2844 │The Passabe and Maquelab massacres (September-October 1999)
2846 │Rape and murder of Ana Lemos (13 September 1999)
2849 │The Battalion 745 rampage (20-21 September 1999)
2854 │Murder of Lospalos clergy (25 September 1999)
2856 │Individual and command responsibility
2857 │Individual criminal responsibility
2860 │Command responsibility
2871 │International responsibility
2871 │International responsibility
2876 │UN responsibility: the question of justice
2906 │Note on sources
2907 │Note on the author
2909 │ Annexe 2: Data and statistical methods
2915 │Introduction
2915 │Relevance of empirical data analysis to the Commission’s mandate
2916 │Data sources
2917 │The Human Rights Violations Database (HRVD)
2924 │Retrospective Mortality Survey (RMS)
2927 │Graveyard Census Database (GCD)
2928 │Methodological description of data editing, cleaning and
name normalisation techniques
2928 │Database cleaning and editing
2929 │Date editing and cleaning
2929 │Age editing and cleaning
2930 │Violation and relationship codes editing and cleaning
2930 │Geographic location code editing and cleaning
2930 │GCD de-duplication of cemeteries and graves
2931 │Name-cleaning processes
2934 │Data conversion
2935 │Record linkage overview
2935 │Matching rules
2938 │Intra-system matching
2941 │Inter-system matching
2944 │Data processing of reported violations involving groups
of anonymous victims
2946 │Statistical estimation techniques used in the analysis of
fatal violations and displacements
2946 │RMS weight calculations
2947 │RMS date assignment for displacement analysis
2948 │RMS weight adjustments for mortality estimates
2949 │Sensitivity analysis of assumptions in mortality re-weighting
2950 │Multiple Systems Estimation (MSE): motivation and theory
2952 │Allocating GCD by type of death
2953 │Sensitivity analysis of the loss of social knowledge: adjustments
for underestimates
2957 │ Annexe 3: Indictment Summaries
2964│Indictment summaries by district
2964│Aileu
2965│Ainaro
2967│Baucau
2968│Bobonaro
2978│Covalima
2986│Dili
2992│Ermera
2994│Lautém
2997│Liquiçá
2999│Manatuto
3000│Manufahi
3002│Oecussi
3007│Viqueque
3008│West Timor
3008│National indictment
3011 │ Annexe 4: Acknowledgements
3013│Introduction
3014│Donors
3015│Submissions
3016│Participants in National Public Hearings
3020│The CA VR Community
3040│Those who gave statements to CA VR
3040│Those who participated in CRP
3040│Participants in healing workshops
3047 │ List of Terms and Abbreviations
3071 │ Index

Commission for Reception, Truth, and Reconciliation

Estafeta 2002-Spring

East Timor Achieves Hard-won Nationhood

Changes and Challenges in Washington

The Women of East Timor Demand Justice

A Dangerous Oil Slick

Documents Detailing Role of Kissinger and Ford in 1975 Invasion Released

Ten Years for Justice and Self-Determination

ETAN Continues Refugee and Justice Campaigns

About East Timor and the East Timor Action Network

East Timor Action Network

Estafeta 2002-Winter

East Timor Elects Assembly

Ashes to Ashes: Reflections on Terror

ETAN to Kissinger

ETAN Marks Anniversaries

September 11 Aftermath Brings Shifts in Washington

Lobby Days 2001 Yields Info, Action

Phillips Petroleum & Canberra Play an Old Game

ETAN Tour Spotlights Refugee Crisis

President Megawati: Bad News for Timor

Court Issues $66 Million Judgment Against Indonesian General

A Letter from Dili

About East Timor and the East Timor Action Network

East Timor Action Network

Paramilitary Violence in East Timor

Paramilitary Violence in East Timor.

  • Testimony from a briefing by the House Human Rights and Progressive Caucuses and a hearing of the Subcommittee on International Operations and Human Rights of the International Committee

Includes testimonies by:

  • Francisco de Jesus da Costa, massacre survivor
  • Vicente Soares Faria, East Timorese Intellectual Forum
  • Manuel Dos Mártires
  • Aryati, Indonesian human rights activist
  • Arnold Kohen, The Humanitarian Project

The Humanitarian Project

Online Publications 2

Online publications that were published in 1999.

The first page of the item has a list of every item included in the attachment.

The Humanitarian Project

Various documents

This document contains twenty-eight separate document.

  1. A photograph entitled, “APET III, Bangkok” March 1998: The third Asia Pacific Conference on East Timor (APCET III) drew participants from all over the world.

  2. A page with two photographs. The first is entitled, “Bangkok, Thailand” 1998, March: Participants of the APCET Conference III. The second is entitled, “Bangkok, Thailand - APCET Conference III” 1998, March: Ms. Jean Inglis and Ms. Okazaki (Chairperson of the Japanese Diet Members Forum on East Timor)

  3. A photograph entitled, “APCET III, Bangkok” March 1998: Mica Barreto and Joaquim Fonseca.

  4. A photograph entitled, “APCET III, Bangkok” March 1998: Carlito Caminha and Andrew McNaughtan show the human faces of international solidarity.

  5. An email from Initiatives for International Dialogue with a document attached, entitled, “APCET statement on Habibie’s pronouncement on East Timor” June 11, 1998. | 2 pages

  6. “Third Asia Pacific Conference on East Timor: Final Statement” Bangkok, Thailand - March 6th, 1998. | 4 pages.

  7. A page with two photographs. The first is entitled, “Nagoya, Japan” 1998, June: Fernando de Araujo, who has just been released from Cipinang Prison, presents a lecture on Democratization in Indonesia and the East Timor issue. The second is entitled, “Nagoya, Japan” 1998, June: Fernando de Araujo, who has just been released from Cipinang Prison, presents a lecture on Democratization in Indonesia and the East Timor issue.

  8. A page with two photographs. The first is entitled, “Nagoya, Japan” 1998: Abe Barreto sings in Nagoya, after giving talk on the East Timor issue. The second is entitled, “Osaka, Japan” 1998, June: Indonesian activist Helmi Fauzi gives a lecture on Democratization in Indonesia and the East Timor issue.

  9. A photograph entitled, “Osaka, Japan” 1998, December: Mr. João Carrascaião speaks at a symposium at the Osaka Foreign Language University.

  10. A photograph entitled, “Osaka, Japan” 1998, December: Jose Manuel and Armindo Maia speak at a symposium at the Osaka Foreign Language University.

  11. A photograph from a protest concert at the Lansdowne Hotel, 1998

  12. A photograph at a Timor Rally at Martin Plaza in Sydney, November 1998.

  13. A photograph of Tuba Rai Metin built in Sydney, Australia. 1998.

  14. A photograph of another Tuba Rai Metin built in Darwin, Australia. 1998.

  15. A photograph of Tony and Veronica Mais with Veronica’s Tais that has names of Santa Cruz Massacre victims. 1998.

  16. A photograph of a Tuba Rai Metin built in Darwin, Australia. 1998.

  17. A photograph entitled, “Demonstration by the Eiffel Tower, Paris, France” 12 November 1998: Seven years after the Santa Cruz Massacre. The French solidarity people chose the location of the Eiffel Tower, because it is the national symbol of their country and because it is near the river called Seine. They marched from the Eiffel Tower to the bridge over this river, and then threw flowers in the water to commemorate the victims of Santa Cruz. Organized by Agir pour Timor.

  18. A photograph of protesters in front of the Indonesian consulate in New York, USA. 1998.

  19. A photograph entitled, “Revealing proof - House Office Building, Washington DC, USA” May 1998: ETAN revealed documentary proof that U.S. soldiers were continuing to train Indonesia soldiers in Indonesia, notwithstanding a Congressional ban on such training in the U.S. which had been in effect for the past six years. ETAN National Coordinator Charles Scheiner, Congresswomen Nancy Pelosi, and ETAN Washington Representative Lynn Fredriksson gave a briefing to Congressional staffers and journalists. Following the outcry, the Pentagon suspended the Joint Combined Education and Training program for Indonesia: it was not resumed for many years.

  20. A photograph of two men protesting in the United States for Timor. 1998.

  21. A photograph of Freddy Gamage in Sri Lanka in 1998.

  22. A flyer entitled, “No more massacres in East Timor! Rally and March” to commemorate the seventh anniversary of the shooting of unarmed civilians at the Santa Cruz cemetery in Dili, East Timor in November 1991 which led to the loss of 251 lives. November 14th,1998. Organized by the National Council of Timorese Resistance (CNRT), AETA, Action in Solidarity with Indonesia and East Timor (ASIET) and University Students for East Timor (USET)

  23. A flyer for a Demonstration to mark the 23rd anniversary of the Indonesian invasion of East Timor. December 7th, 1998 at the Indonesian Consulate. Organized by the National Council of Timorese Resistance (CNRT), AETA, Action in Solidarity with Indonesia and East Timor (ASIET) and University Students for East Timor (USET)

  24. A letter written by Carlos Semedo, the President of Agir pour Timor. November 16th, 1998. | In French

  25. The autonomy debate: “Timorese political parties reject Indonesia’s special status” an article published in Timor Link. October 1998
    A program for, “Timor-Leste A Cominho Do Autogoverno E Da Autodeterminaćão” [Translation: Timor-Leste The Way of Self-Government and Self-Determination] Organized by the Organizing Committee of the Timor journeys of the University of Porto. 9 to 11 October 1998 | 2 pages, in Portuguese.

  26. Catholic Institute for International Relations’ Statement to the United Nations Special Committee on the Situation with regard to the Implementation of the Declaration of the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples. New York, June 1998. | 2 pages.

  27. East Timor Human Rights Centre: “East Timorese Political Prisoners Progress Report” 15 October 1998. | 17 pages.

Timor Leste International Solidarity Exhibit

East Timor Alert Network - 1998-12

Peaceful patience belies a growing frustration in East Timor
Canadians Call for Prime Minister to go public on East Timor
Between 40 and 60 people massacred in Alas, East Timor
Autonomy Debate - Autonomy and the law of self-determination
ETAN's AGM and national strategy meeting
Electronic resources on East Timor - website and new e-newsletter
Bred historique de la reistance au Timor Oriental (Brief history of oriental Timor resistance)
A guide to East Timor's resistance
WANTED for crimes against humanity - poster
Shhh! Canada supports self-determination
Xanana Gusmao: Jailed resistance leader
Xanana Gusmao : un portrait (Xanana Gusmao: a portrait)
Ottawa opens office, embassy, commemorates massacre
Des tables d'informations partout (tables of information everywhere)
Letter to Prime Minister Jean Chretien to change Canadian foreign policy to publicly support East Timor's right to self-determination

East Timor Alert Network

Parte 1, 04 (14)

This PDF document contains textual sources and images pertaining to topics about Habibie’s government, the liberation of Xanana Gusmão, negotiations between Portugal and Indonesia pertaining to East Timor’s independence, the Conselho Nacional de Resistencia Timorense, the unification of Portuguese-speaking countries, and Brazil’s stance on the issue in East Timor.

  1. “Timor Leste”, February 15, 1998
    By: Hamilton Lafont
    The article informs reader on East Timor’s colonial history. The reasons for Indonesia’s invasion of East Timor are also discussed, with the reasons being that East Timor is near Australia and because of the potential presence of oil and mineral resources.

  2. “Timor Leste”, February 21, 1998
    By: Manoel Lourenço Neto
    The author, Manoel Lourenço Neto, criticizes and analyzes the article written by Hamilton Lafont. Neto states that several facts and pieces of information that Lafont used, such as the size of East Timor and the colonial history, were incorrect.
    “Timor Leste”, February 7, 1998
    By: Jorge Eduardo Moraes Silva
    The article discusses the genocide in East Timor, highlighting a study made by the Catholic Church which said that the massacre in East Timor passes the brutality seen in World War II. Finally, the article urges Brazil to protest the genocide through boycotting Indonesian products

  3. “Pela Liberdade do Timor Leste”, March 1998
    A mandate from an unknown party defended the East Timorese population’s right to liberty in front of the Legislative Assembly. The party participated in various receptions focused on East Timor, and supported the initiatives of Clamor por Timor. The party also organized Ramos-Horta’s visit to the Legislative Assembly.

  4. “Évora homenageia bispo timorense”, Folha turismo, June 29, 1998
    By: Dario Moreira de Castro Alves
    This news article in the Folha Turismo mentions that there was a ceremony held for Bishop Belo in the Sala de Atos at the University of Évora where was presented with an honorary doctorate. In attendance was José Aparecido de Oliveira, ambassador of Brazil in Lisbon from 1993 to 1995.
    “Indonésia deve retirar tropas”
    This small section in the Folha Turismo mentions the Indonesian invasion of East Timor, as well as informing readers that the Indonesian president, Jusuf Habibie, has decided to gradually remove some troops from East Timor. | 2 pages

  5. “Militares indonésios elaboraram plano para exterminar timorenses” Tribuna, February 2, 1998
    By: Lúcia Cassalto
    Abilio Osorio Soares, a governor for Suharto, has written a plan to win against the guerillas and the clandestine resistance in East Timor. The plan consists of arranging jobs for young adults; the distribution of young adults across Indonesia with no way back to East Timor; exterminating guerillas living in the forests and members of FRETILIN; the killing of anyone who is not in favor of integration with Indonesia.
    “O processo de ocupação em Timor Leste”
    The ideologies of UDT, FRETILIN, and APODETI are discussed, where the main objective of both UDT and FRETILIN is the independence of East Timor while APODETI supports the integration of Indonesia. The Indonesian invasion of East Timor is also analyzed and briefly discussed.

  6. “62 mortos, 14 desaparecidos”, April 16, 1999
    By: Joaquim T. de Negreiros
    The number of deaths (62) and the number of people who have disappeared (14) after the Liquiçá massacre is disclosed. The Portuguese government has solicited that there be an international investigation for this massacre. The militia who are pro-integration are manifesting more frequently, resulting in increased violent acts. The militias are targeting civil servants who are in favor of East Timor’s independence, as well as leaders of pro-independence groups and family of Timorese immigrants who are in favor of independence.

  7. “Politica para Timor Leste deve mudar”, Folha de S.Paulo, May 26, 1998
    By: Marcio Aith
    This news article discusses the Indonesian government’s decision to release a set amount of political prisoners. The release of Xanana Gusmão is being discussed, but it has not been confirmed. Jusuf Habibie’s government will also be reviewing their policies regarding East Timor, however the exact details pertaining to the changing of policies is not mentioned. | 2 pages

  8. “Estudantes protestam em Timor Leste”, June 18, 1998
    Thousands of Timorese students protested in front of the government building against the murder of one of their fellow peers, Hernán das Dores Soares, by an Indonesian soldier. They urge that human rights investigators from the United Nations come to East Timor. Additionally, in Jakarta, Timorese students gather in front of the Ministry of Justice building to push for a referendum in East Timor and for all political prisoners to be released from prison. They managed to give a written note with the requests to somebody who works for the ministry before dispersing.

  9. “Indonésia pode dar status especial ao Timor”, June 10, 1998
    President Habibie has stated that he has agreed to grant amnesty to ten Timorese political prisoners, not including Xanana Gusmão. It is stated that Gusmão would only be released once the United Nations and Portugal have recognized East Timor as a part of Indonesia. Habibie has also declared that he was ready to offer East Timor a “special status.” Despite this offer being one of Indonesia’s first attempts of reconciliation, Ramos-Horta has said that this status is not the proposition that pro-independence groups are looking for, and that he rejects the offer. | 2 pages

  10. “Indonésia deve tirar tropas de Timor Leste”, June 25, 1998
    Indonesia will begin to remove troops from East Timor and will begin to grant more liberty to its population. A discussion about allowing there to be a Timorese vote to decide if East Timor would become independent was made during a meeting between Bishop Belo and Jusuf Habibie.

  11. “Soldados indonésios matam manifestante em Timor Leste” Folha São Paulo, June 30, 1998
    By: Marcio Aith
    One dead, named Orlando Marcelino da Costa, and five injured after Indonesian soldiers opened fire on a group protesting for independence. The shooting happened moments after the arrival of European ambassadors in Baucau.

  12. “Indonésia retira 400 soldados de Timor”, July 29, 1998
    By: Stephen Vines
    Indonesia has removed 400 soldiers from East Timor, including two companies of the Special Forces Command. However, it was promised to the East Timor population that 1000 soldiers would leave, not 400 soldiers. The article discusses the good and bad aspects of the Indonesian occupation of East Timor.
    “Sem Jacarta, região terá desafio econômico”
    This section of the newspaper discusses the limited economic development that occurred during the Portuguese colonization of East Timor. Meanwhile, during the Indonesian occupation, the Indonesians have contributed to physical development but did not pay attention to human rights development. Once Indonesia leaves East Timor, the Timorese will be responsible to sustain themselves economically. Various crops and natural resources will be depended on for their profit, and external help will be needed to sustain the economy. | 2 pages.

  13. “Entrevista com Hodu Ran Kadalak”, O Português Na Australia, September 16, 1998
    An interview with Hodu Ran Kadalak, who is a member of the FRETILIN Central Committee and who traveled to Sydney to participate in the National Conference of FRETILIN, was conducted and written in this news article. Kadalak states that the Timorese people are grateful for Suharto’s resignation. He also discusses the following topics: the reason for his visit in Sydney; the unification of all Timorese; the regime that will be implemented in East Timor once Indonesia has left; the pressure to achieve Xanana Gusmão’s liberation; the calm state in East Timor that is a result of the resignation of Suharto and the negotiations taking place; the characteristics of the Habibie government. Kadalak then goes on to state that the Australian population and the Australian government should provide a more concrete stance on the issue of East Timor.
    “Estrutura da resistência apresentada no território”, September 16, 1998
    Members of the Conselho Nacional da Resistencia Timorense (CNRT) were presented in Dili, which included names of members of the APODETI, FRETILIN, FALINTIL, UDT, and others. Xanana Gusmão, the president of the CNRT, made it known that the objective of this group is the political reconciliation of the Timorese people.
    “Ximenes Belo é um Santo! – afirmou o novo chefe de Estado da Indonésia”
    An interview with Habibie discusses Bishop Belo, granting East Timor independence, and other topics.
    “UDT em reunião geral “à porta aberta” em Dili”
    Around 200 people participated in a UDT meeting that would discuss national unification and how the future discussions of the Timorese population would come about. During the meeting, representatives of many groups and organizations were in attendance, as well as elected members of the Comissão Política do Conselho Nacional da Resistencia Timorense | 3 pages.

  14. “Indonésia admite sair de Timor Leste”
    The Jakarta government intends to grant East Timor local political freedom. However, if this proposition is not accepted by the Timorese population, the Indonesian chancellor, Ali Alatas, proposes full independence but only after the general elections of June 7th are concluded. It is also made known that Xanana Gusmão will be transferred from prison to house arrest. Lastly, researchers believe that if East Timor achieves full independence, they will have a difficult time prospering economically.
    “Lá, como cá, fala-se português”
    By: Pasquale Cipro Neto
    Neto is stating that Brazilians should unify themselves with the community of Portuguese-speaking countries.

  15. “Militares aprovam independência de Timor”, January 29, 1999
    The commandant of the Indonesian army, general Wiranto, stated that the military would abide by the Indonesian government’s decision to grant East Timor’s independence if they decide to

  16. “Líder timorense pede luta armada”
    Gusmão orders that guerrillas who are pro-independence take up arms against those that are in favor of merging with Indonesia. A delegation of the United Nations visited East Timor in March to determine the possibility of a referendum. The Indonesian government has made it known that even if the Timorese population rejects the idea of autonomy, the Indonesian government would still be willing to grant them independence.

  17. “Rebelde quer tropa da ONU em Timor Leste”, April 7, 1999
    Gusmão asks that reinforcements from the United Nations be brought to East Timor to manage the rise in violence. Indonesian troops have killed 40 civilians in a Church, and the militia killed 17 people in Liquiçá a few days back.

  18. “Brinde na Paulista, à queda de um ditador”, May 30, 1998
    A group of activists in São Paulo celebrated the resignation of Suharto.

  19. “Campanha pela internet pede a libertação de Timor Leste” May 11, 1998
    By: Jomeri Pontes
    This news article discusses the campaign for East Timor independence that is circulating online, as well as highlighting other online sources that would inform the public on what is happening in East Timor. Most of the article describes the human rights violations and other atrocities that have been committed by Indonesia. To aid in East Timor’s liberation, the article recommends boycotting products made in Indonesia.

  20. “Atos públicos pedem liberdade para o Timor Leste”, October 1998
    Protests are held in Brazil for the liberation of Gusmão and to cease the human rights violations in East Timor. The magnitude of the genocide in East Timor is highlighted through a chart displaying the number of human lives lost due to war, with East Timor coming out on top. It is discussed that East Timor is connected to the community of Portuguese-speaking countries. Lastly, with the Habibie administration in place, negotiations towards East Timor’s independence are more probable, therefore Kofi Annan, General Secretary of the United Nations, has been setting up meetings between Portugal and Indonesia to discuss the future of East Timor

  21. Poem by Xanana Gusmão
    Date: November, 20, 1992
    In this poem, Gusmão expresses the qualities seen in the Timorese people that empower their fight.

  22. “FHC se diz solidário as vitimas de Timor” Folha de São Paulo, June 29, 1998
    President Fernando Henrique Cardoso declared that he stands in solidarity with the Timorese population. José Aparecido de Oliveira is mentioned in the article, with his humanistic qualities being highlighted.
    “Timor chora morte de jovem”
    Timorese students held a protest for a 21 year-old Timorese who was killed by an Indonesian soldier. He was later buried in the Santa Cruz cemetery. The Indonesian soldier, Sergeant Slamet, would be tried and if found guilty would get a sentence of 15 years in prison.
    “Renúncia de Suharto beneficia Timor Leste”
    After the resignation of Suharto, there has been more freedom to protest in East Timor. Meanwhile, in Jakarta, protestors demand for the annexation of East Timor.
    “Resultados”
    The text below the image of men wearing mainly white and facing a burning vehicle states that the resignation of Suharto was due to the manifestations of Timorese students. It also states that 500 people have died as a result of conflict with the police, but it does not mention when or for how long this conflict took place. | 2 pages

  23. “D. Ximenes Belo participa do mutirão de comunicação no Brasil”
    Belo attends the Mutirão Brasileiro de Comunicação in Belo Horizonte, that goes on from July 19 to 24. This event serves to reunite individuals who are striving to build societies that are just, equal, and participative.

  24. “Brasil defende autonomia para Timor Leste” Folha de São Paulo, August 23, 1998
    By: Renata Giraldi
    Brazil supports the discussions of autonomy for East Timor, as well as the liberation of political prisoners and the removal of Indonesian troops from East Timor. Ambassador Ivan Cannabrava traveled to Portugal and Indonesia to meet with individuals who are for and against East Timor’s autonomy, including Bishop Belo and Ramos-Horta as well as other individuals that come from different backgrounds. The small section to the left of the article displays information on the situation of East Timor, the genocide, pro-independence groups, and information on Portugal and Indonesia.

  25. “Embaixador brasileiro se reúne com líder de Timor”, August 27, 1998
    The Brazilian ambassador in Indonesia, Jadiel Ferreira Oliveira, has met with Xanana Gusmão. A Brazilian delegation should be visiting in the near future.

  26. “Timor Leste será tema em Portugal”, April 13, 1999
    Rising rates of violence jeopardize talks of a referendum as well as the entire negotiation process that Indonesia has undergone since the resignation of Suharto. Xanana Gusmão has called for the people to protest against these conflicts, and has accused the Indonesian government to have deliberately compromised the peaceful negotiations by promoting violence. Ramos-Horta and Bishop Belo have expressed their hopes that Brazil would convey their support of East Timor’s independence more firmly. Despite not having yet reached independence for East Timor, Gusmão has acquired a place for East Timor in the CPLP (English translation: community of Portuguese-speaking countries).

  27. “Crise indonésia leva separatistas a aliança”, Folha Mundo, May 1, 1998
    By: Otávio Dias
    Ramos-Horta has declared the creation of an organisation that would reunite all Timorese groups that are in favor of autonomy. Gusmão would become the president of the organisation, while Ramos-Horta and another unknown individual would be the vice-presidents. The article goes on by providing information on what the new organisation, called Conselho Nacional de Resistencia Timorense, exactly does; which groups form this new organisation; the strategy Ramos-Horta uses to further the East Timor cause; the implications and benefits of having guerrillas be part of the organisation; what the organisation’s plans are.
    “Portugal criou instabilidade”
    Indonesia blames Portugal for the political instability in East Timor. Indonesia believes that if they did not occupy East Timor, there would have been a civil war as a result of the unstable climate Portugal suddenly left behind.
    “Repressão cresce no país”
    By: Richard Lloyd Parry
    This article mentions the detainment of several Timorese students, with one student named Pius Lustrilanang describing the different torture methods he had to endure. Human rights groups believe that he and the other students were held by the BIA (intelligence organization of the government). | 2 pages

  28. “Ocidente ignora casos análogos a Kosovo” September 8th, 1998
    Despite the fact that the United Nations condemned Indonesia’s invasion of East Timor, Indonesia did not receive any repercussions from the UN or from Western countries. A chart included in the article portrays three countries (one of them being East Timor) that have gone through conflict while attempting to separate themselves from their colonizers.

  29. “Habibie liberta presos e confirma eleições”, May 26, 1998, Folha São Paulo
    By: Pepe Escobar
    Habibie’s government has reformed electoral laws, ceased the restrictions on the formation of political parties, changed the 1945 Constitution, promised elections would take place in the near future, and liberated two political prisoners. The rest of the article describes Indonesia’s deteriorating economy and how they plan to recuperate it. | 2 pages

  30. Jacarta concorda em fazer plebiscito em Timor Leste, March 12, 1999, Folha São Paulo
    The Indonesian and Portuguese government have agreed to have a referendum take place in East Timor. Still, Indonesia offers a plan of autonomy to East Timor in case they prefer it to independence. Furthermore, conflicts between Timorese who are for independence and those against have risen, with the pro-independence groups accusing Indonesia of arming those who are in favor of integration.

Clamor por Timor

Estafeta 1998-12

Title: A continuing saga for change
Editorial: Its been a tremendous, stupefying year

  • East Timor Action Network (John Roosa)
  • Suharto’s fall: a new era in East Timor
  • Year end review Indonesia
  • Human rights developments
  • The president’s problem generals (David Jenkins)
  • After Suharto (Geejay Arriola)
  • The secret Trips betraying Timor (Louise Williams)
  • Under the Indonesia jackboot
  • The independence stand off (Andrew Perrin)
  • Determined to be free (Bill Corcoran and Carl O’Brien)
  • Hopes for referending: defying guns and goons East Timorese speaks out (Stepahnie Coop)
  • Don’t lose hope: AIETD meet fails but is “globally positive”
  • CNRT Krumbach declaration
  • Days to remember (Roberto Soares Cabral)
  • Survivors mourn losses (Lew Pardomuan)
  • Light for peace (Robero Cristebal SantaMaria)
  • Once close ties with Indonesia turn frosty (Richarrd Llyod-Parry)
  • What really happened in Alas (John Martinikus)
  • Statement on the Alas massacre
  • The first East Timorese women’s conference (Jude Conway)
  • My Personal journey (Memen L. Lauzon)
  • Justice for Tien intolerance
  • An open letter to Indonesian president B.J Habibie and the government of ASEAN

East Timor Action Network

Online Publications 1

This item includes online news publications written in 1998.

It includes:

  • The Associated Press (Jakarta): “East Timor’s spiritual leader has rejected an offer to meet with Indonesian President B.J. Habibie, citing differences over government policy in the former Portuguese Colony.” (26.12.1998) | 2 pp.
  • Reuters (Lisbon): “Jailed Timorese guerrilla leader Xanana Gusmao was wuoted as saying on Wednesday that East Timor was not ready for independence and needed a 10-year transition period before achieving self-determination.” (16.12.1998)
  • Reuters (Sydney): “Nobel peace laureate Jose Ramos Horta says former Indonesian President Suharto should be arrested for crimes against humanity, just as former Chilean President Augusto Pinochet had been arrested in London.” (15.12.1998) | 2 pp.
  • Reuters (Dili): “Timor bishop calls for cut in Indonesian military” by Tommy Ardiansyah (15.10.1998) | 3 pp.
  • The Washington Post: “NSC gave warnings about Asian Donors” (15.02.1998) | 6 pp.
  • Insight (Jakarta): “Indonesian military ends hunt for East Timorese rebels” (21.11.1998)
  • Reuters (Canberra): “The governor of East Timor at the time of the 1991 Dili massacre says there were dozens more people executed and buried in the month after the Santa Cruz cemetery killings,” (18.11.1998) | 2 pp.
  • Reuters (Sydney): “Human rights groupe Amnesty International called on Indonesian President B.J. Habibie on Wednesday to ‘break the cycle of violence’ now gripping Jakarta and other parts of Indonesia.” (18.11.1998) | 2 pp.
  • The Associated Press (London): “Brits Order Pinochet Court Presence” by Maureen Johnson (18.11.1998) | 2 pp.
  • The Associated Press (Lisbon): “The attorney general’s office said Tuesday that it is examining a Portuguese lawmaker’s request to seek the extradition of former President Suharto” (17.11.1998)
  • The Associated Press (Jakarta): “Indonesian Students Protest Again” by Christopher Torchia (19.11.1998) | 2 pp.
  • Reuters (Jakarta): “Lisbon’s mayor Joao Soares met Timorese rebel leader Xanana Gusmao in a Jakarta jail on Thursday and said he had pressed the Indonesian government for his unconditional release.” (19.11.1998)
  • The Associated Press (Jakarta): “Indonesian Lawmakers on Friday chided a Portuguese effort to extradite former President Suharto, describing the proposal as impossible and unreasonable.” (20.11.1998) | 2 pp.
  • Reuters: “Nobel concert prize is going to Fox Family.” (20.11.1998) | 3 pp.
  • The Associated Press (Lisbon): “Portugal and Indonesia are mulling a new proposal to settle their dispute over East Timor and talks between the two are at a crucial stage” (11.10.1998)
  • Reuters (Johannesburg): "S.Africa truth probe to highlight ANC crimes” by Alister Bull (26.11.1998) | 2 pp.
  • Agence France-Presse (East Timor): “East Timorese to observe Dili massacre with prayers” (10.11.1998) | 2 pp.
  • Agence France-Presse: “What Belo has just missed” (12.11.1998) | 3 pp.
  • The Associated Press (Jakarta): “Indonesia Chief stands by Army Boss” by Christopher Torchia (15.11.1998) | 2 pp.
  • The Associated Press (Jakarta): “Indonesia questions dissidents” by Christopher Torchia (16.11.1998) | 2 pp.
  • Reuters (Jakarta): “Pertamina signs oil deals for $3.4-bln investments” (16.11.1998)
  • Reuters (Denver): “Tutu calls for Central American debt relief” by Judith Crosson (14.11.1998) | 2 pp.
  • The Associated Press (Oslo): “No Hints from Nobel Peace Committee” by Doug Mellgren (15.10.1998) | 2 pp.
  • Reuters (Oslo): “Nobel peace committee calms N. Irish win rumours” by Alister Doyle (09.10.1998) | 2 pp.
  • The Associated Press (Stockholm): “Not that there’s ever a bad time to get a Nobel Prize, but this year isn’t the greatest- at least in terms of money.” (09.10.1998) | 2 pp.
  • Reuters (Madrid): “Nobel winner Saramago criticizes Vatican” by Isabel Garcia-Zarza (09.10.1998) | 2 pp.
  • Reuters (Lisbon): “Nobel prize win banishes Portugal crisis” by Richard Waddington (09.10.1998) | 2 pp.
  • Reuters (Mexico City): “Interview- Mexico’s Fuentes hails Saramago Nobel prize” (08.10.1998) | 2 pp.
  • The Associated Press (Lisbon): “After years of waiting, Portugal went into a fit of self-congratulation Thursday when writer Jose Saramago was awarded the 1998 Nobel Literature Prize.” (08.10.1998) | 2 pp.
  • Reuters (Lisbon): “Nobel Literature laureate Saramago found fame late” by Richard Waddington (08.10.1998) | 3 pp.
  • Reuters (Lisbon): “East Timor leader says Suharto’s days are numbered” by Richard Waddington (14.05.1998) | 2 pp.
  • Kyodo (Dili): “Roman Catholic Bishop Carlos Felipe Ximenes Bel said Sunday he intends to accept Indonesian President B.J. Habibie’s proposal of granting 'special status’ to East Timor like that given to provinces of Yogyakarta, Aceh and Jakarta” (14.06.1998) | 2 pp.
  • “Clinton Rights Message Undermined” by Sid Balman Jr. (16.11.1998) | 2 pp.
  • Reuters (Dili): “Timor students suspend anti-Indonesia demos” by Lewa Pardomuan (15.06.1998) | 3 pp.
  • The Associated Press (Jakarta): “Indonesia Leader Predicts Recovery” by Geoff Spencer (13.06.1998) | 3 pp.
  • Reuters (Dili): “On Sundays, East Timorese forget politics” by Lewa Pardomuan (14.06.1998) | 3 pp.
  • Reuters (Lisbon): “French President Jacques Chirac has written to new Indonesian President Jusuf Habibie to press for the release of East Timorese Political Prisoners” (09.06.1998)
  • Reuters (Jakarta): “South African Foreign Minister Alfred Nzo on Tuesday met with jailed East Timorese rebel leader Xanana Gusmao, who is serving a 20-year sentence in Jakarta prison” (14.04.1998) | 2 pp.
  • The Associated Press (Dili): “At least 11 separatist rebels were killed by Indonesian troops in recent days following a series of clashes in the disputed territory of East Timor.” (22.11.1998) | 2 pp.
  • Reuters (Dili): “Hundreds of East Timorese stormed the airport in the capital Dili on Sunday and occupied the runway for about an hour, forcing U.N. Special envoy Jamsheed Marker to change his travel plans.” (20.12.1998) | 2 pp.
  • Agence France Presse (Jakarta): “A Nobel peace laureate in East Timor has urged the Indonesian military not to conceal troop movements in and out of the troubled territory” (21.09.1998) | 2 pp.
  • Agence France Presse (Jakarta): “East Timor can use Indonesia’s offer of autonomy to the former Portuguese colony to create a ‘climate of tolerance’ to prepare for self-determination” (20.09.1998) | 3 pp.
  • The Associated Press (Dili): “About 15, 000 East Timorese staged a second consecutive day of protest today and demanded the provincial governor quit over a threat to fire government employees who support an independence referendum for the troubled territory.” (12.10.1998) | 2 pp.
  • Reuters (Dili): “Timor bishop calls for cut in Indonesian military” by Tommy Ardiansyah (15.10.1998) | 3 pp.
  • Agence France Presse (Dili): “ Roman Catholic Bishop Basilio de Nascimento of the Baucau diocese in East Timor Wednesday called for political topics to be included for the first time in UN-sponsored intra-Timorese talks.” (28.10.1998) | 2 pp.

The Humanitarian Project

Human Rights Violations in East Timor

TRIGGER WARNING: Graphic content

Item consists of a publication produced by the East Timor International Support Center around 1997. It documents human rights violations which took place in East Timor during Indonesian occupation.

Contents:

  • Warning
  • Introductions by Dr. Jose Ramos Horta, Nobel Peace Prize Laureate and Bishop Hilton Deakin, Chairman of the East Timor Human Rights Centre
  • Background on Human Rights in East Timor:
    -Summary of Human Rights in East Timor
    -The East Timor Human Rights Centre: excerpts from the 1996 Annual Report
    -Amnesty International: excerpts from various reports
    -The United Nations Human Rights Commission: Resolution on East Timor, May 1997
  • Photographic Evidence:
    -Photos of human rights violations from the early 1980s
    -Photos from the period of famine - 1979 to 1982
    -Photos of violations from the mid 1980s till 1991
    -The 'Dili massacre' in 1991
    -Torture and murder in East Timor after 1991
  • Conclusion

East Timor International Support Center

East Timor: A People Shattered by Lies and Silence

East Timor: A People Shattered by Lies and Silence
by A. Barbedo de Magalhães, Professor of the University of Oporto, Portugal and Coordinator of the Symposia on Timor of Oporto University

Contents:

  1. At the East Timor scale, it's a veritable holocaust, with more than 40% of the whole people eliminated during the first six years of the occupation.
  2. An annexation in the name of regional stability and defence of the Free World, in a moment of panic motivated by the Soviet expansionism
  3. The oil and other economic interests and even religious factors also influenced the process.
  4. Twenty years later, instead of working in order to put an end to the dramatic consequences of their errors many politicians try to keep them under the shadow of lies.
  5. In reality, East Timor was occupied by the United States, Australia, United Kingdom, The Vatican, Japan and other powers, through Indonesia. Indonesia was not much more than executor of a policy that interested the West.
  6. Portugal initiated a process of decolonization that supposed a consultation of the Timorese people, but Indonesia succeeded in interrupting it.
  7. The relative abandon of Portugal and the comparison with the position of Spain towards Western Sahara.
  8. Facing all interest and forces involved, the actors in the field - both Timorese and Portuguese - were not much more than mere figurines
  9. It was based in lies that Indonesia created the instability and prepared the invasion.
  10. In order to make sure that those lies would not be exposed, the Indonesian regime did not hesitate to murder all the journalist present in the territory, and the government of the western powers silenced those crimes.
  11. In order to assure a complete silence, also the international humanitarian agencies were forbidden to enter in the territory.
  12. With the help of the Australian Government who captured the only retransmission radio that, from the Northern Territory, communicated with the Timorese Resistance, the information black out was almost complete during thirteen long years.
  13. With no information on the Media, governments of the occupying powers and theirs representatives could lie freely.
  14. With the public opinion asleep, even the Media lost interest in the question: East Timor, no one even knows where that is... East Timor does not sell... East Timor is not news...
  15. The courage and the intelligence of some newsmen prevented the Santa Cruz massacre to be another ignored and forgotten massacre.
  16. To report what goes on in East Timor and to demand responsibilities to the governments for the murder of journalists, the sales of arms and the political coverage they give to the occupying power are some of the ways to defend not only the Timorese but also Freedom itself and the international law.

The Humanitarian Project

Documents on East Timor from PeaceNet and Connected Computer Networks 41-42: November 3, 1995 - January 31, 1996

THE INVASION -- TWENTY YEARS LATER.................................................................................................. 11
AUSTRALIAN NEWS ON BALIBO KILLINGS AND TORTURE VIDEO ................................................................11
OFFICER LINKED TO MURDER OF BRITONS WAS TRAINED IN UK...............................................................11
EX-AUSTRALIAN PM DEN IES INVASION COMPLICITY ..................................................................................12
EAST TIMOR’S INDEPEN DENCE DAY ...........................................................................................................12
NEW AUSTRALIAN INQUIRY INTO TIMOR KILLINGS....................................................................................22
NZ FOREIGN MINISTER ASKED TO SUPPORT THE AUSTRALIAN ENQUIRY..............................................22
NEW STRAINS OVER EAST TIMOR DEATHS .............................................................................................23
TIMOR VICTIM ROGER EAST: ‘ONE KILLED WAS AN AUSTRALIAN’...............................................................23
PROBE INTO KILLING OF JOURNALISTS IN TIMOR NETS WITNESSES ....................................................25
DAY OF FEAR & FURY ..................................................................................................................................26
THE UNTOLD STORY OF EAST TIMOR .........................................................................................................29
EAST TIMOR’S HISTORY FROM SPICE TO CONFLICT....................................................................................30
TWENTY YEARS AGO, THE DILI SKY WENT BLACK.......................................................................................31
EAST TIMOR INVASION: 20 YEARS..............................................................................................................31
VOA - TIMOR ANNIVERSARY........................................................................................................................32
EAST TIMOR STILL WITH US ........................................................................................................................32
DON’T LET INDONESIA WIPE OUT EAST TIMOR...........................................................................................33
INDONESIA’S BRUTAL ATTACK ON TIMOR UNRESOLVED AFTER 20 YEARS..................................................34
TWENTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF INDONESIA’S INVASION OF EAST TIMOR....................................................34
EAST TIMOR: TWENTY YEARS LATER, THE REBELS FIGHT ON......................................................................35
THE VOICE OF THE LIURAI OF OSSU ...........................................................................................................35
Documents on East Timor from
PeaceNet and Connected Computer Networks
Volumes 41-42: November 3, 1995 - January 31, 1996
Published by:
East Timor Action Network / U.S.
P.O. Box 1182, White Plains, NY 10602 USA
Tel: 914-428-7299 Fax: 914-428-7383 E-mail PeaceNet:CSCHEINER or CSCHEINER@IGC.APC.ORG
These documents are produced approximately every two months and mailed to subscribers.
For additional or back copies, send US$30 per volume; add $5 for international air mail. Discount
rates: $15 for educational and non-profit institutions; $8 for U.S. activists; $11 international.
Subscription rates: $180 ($90 educational, $48 activist) for the next six issues. Add $30 ($18 activist)
for international air mail. Further subsidies are available for groups in Third World countries working
on East Timor. Checks should be made out to “ETAN.”
The material is grouped by subject, with articles under each category in approximately chronological
order. It is also available on IBM-compatible diskette, in either Word for Windows or ASCII format.
Reprinting and distribution without permission is welcomed.
Much of this information is translated and supplied by TAPOL and BCET (London), Task Force Indonesia (USA), CDPM (Lisbon), CNRM, Free East Timor Japan Coalition, East Timor Ireland Solidarity
Campaign, AKSI (Australia), ETIC (Aotearoa), Australians for a Free East Timor (Darwin) and other activists and solidarity groups, but they are not responsible for editorial comment or selection.
Page 2 East Timor Documents, Volumes 41-42. November 3, 1995 - January 31, 1996.
FORGOTTEN GRABS.....................................................................................................................................36
SANTA CRUZ MASSACRE REMEMBERED.................................................................................................. 36
HAUNTING MEMORIES FROM SANTA CRUZ ................................................................................................36
AI CALLS FOR CONCRETE ACTION..............................................................................................................37
RESISTANCE BURNS BRIGHT AS MASSACRE IS REMEMBERED..................................................................38
DILI MASSACRE HAUNTS JAKARTA EVERY NOVEMBER................................................................................39
SOLDIER IS IDENTIFIED..............................................................................................................................39
EVENTS IN EAST TIMOR............................................................................................................................ 40
OBJECTIVE: DESTRUCTION .........................................................................................................................40
NAZI -STYLE HOUSEHOLD LISTING IMPOSED IN TIMOR..............................................................................40
EAST TIMORESE VIDEOTAPES ALLEGE TORTURE.........................................................................................41
NEVER JUST SIT BACK AND LET THINGS HAPPEN .......................................................................................41
IN OCCUPIED EAST TIMOR..........................................................................................................................42
ALL OPTIONS IN EAST TIMOR BAD FOR ABRI .............................................................................................43
‘INSTIGATOR’ UNDER ARREST.....................................................................................................................43
MANY ARRESTS IN DILI ...............................................................................................................................43
BRITISH-MADE WAR PLANES MENACE EAST TIMOR ....................................................................................43
OBSERVERS: EAST TIMOR REPRESSION WORSE.........................................................................................44
TIMOR CAPITAL TENSE AHEAD OF MASSACRE ANNIVERSARY.....................................................................44
TIMORESE SAY HARASSED DURING MASSACRE ANNIVERSARY..................................................................44
DILI QUIET AS MASSACRE REMEMBERED....................................................................................................45
EAST TIMOR MARKS MASSACRE..................................................................................................................45
INDONESIA ARRESTS FOUR ON TIMOR DEATHS ANNIVERSARY ................................................................46
EAST TIMOR UNPOPULAR FOR TRANSMIGRATION ......................................................................................46
MY RECENT TRIP TO EAST TIMOR...............................................................................................................46
SHOTS FIRED AT RED CROSS......................................................................................................................48
NAMES OF DETAINED TIMORESE YOUTHS ..................................................................................................49
ETCHRIET REPORT ON ARRESTS AND TORTURES IN EAST TIMOR ..............................................................50
XANANA’S DRIVER GETS 6 YEARS ..............................................................................................................50
EAST TIMOR STILL DECADE OR MORE AWAY FROM PEACE.......................................................................51
TIMOR REBELS STILL ACTIVE 20 YEARS AFTER INVASION ...........................................................................51
EAST TIMORESE FIGHT LOSING ECONOMIC BATTLE...................................................................................52
ETCHRIET HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT............................................................................................................52
MOST RECENT PROTESTERS RELEASED ......................................................................................................53
ABRI SUPPORTS BELO’S CALL TO RESPECT LOCAL CULTURE......................................................................53
INDONESIA SAYS NOT TO ADD TROOPS IN EAST TIMOR ............................................................................53
INDONESIA SAYS TWO TIMOR REBELS “SURRENDER” ...............................................................................54
INDONESIA SAYS HAS SPENT $832 MILLION IN EAST TIMOR......................................................................54
46 INDONESIAN SOLDIERS GO ON TRIAL IN TIMOR...................................................................................54
SOLDIERS, CIVILIANS SAID KILLED IN TIMOR CLASHES ............................................................................54
MOVES AFOOT TO SET UP INDON COMMISSION BRANCH IN EAST TIMOR .................................................55
EAST TIMOR INVITES INVESTMENT IN MARBLE MINING ............................................................................55
INDONESIAN TROOPS CAPTURE EAST TIMOR REBEL IN BOBONARO ..........................................................55
SIX EAST TIMORESE SHOT, TWO DETAINED IN VIQUEQUE .........................................................................56
ABRI ESCALATED FIGHTING, INDONESIAN TROOPS KILLED IN VIQUEQUE ...........................................56
RIOT IN BECORA PRISON ............................................................................................................................57
RELIGIOUS ISSUES.................................................................................................................................... 58
A CHANGED CHURCH: TWO DECADES OF STRUGGLE IN EAST TIMOR HAS MADE FRIENDS AND ENEMIES.58
GOVERNOR’S INSTRUCTION (ON MOSQUES) OPPOSED ..............................................................................59
East Timor Documents, Volumes 41-42. November 3, 1995 - January 31, 1996. Page 3
GOVERNOR’S INSTRUCTION TO BE WITHDRAWN...................................................................................59
FORUM FORMED TO EASE CATHOLIC/MUSLIM TEN SION ............................................................................60
SOEHARTO: EAST TIMOR GIVEN NO SPECIAL TREATMENT.........................................................................60
RELIGIOUS PROVOCATIONS IN WESTERN TIMOR.......................................................................................61
TIMOR DIVIDED BY VATICAN.......................................................................................................................61
EAST TIMOR DIOCESE: NO DECISION YET .............................................................................................62
INDONESIAN GETS FOUR YEARS JAIL OVER TIMOR RIOT.........................................................................62
SECOND PRISON OFFICIAL JAILED OVER TIMOR RIOT...............................................................................62
AHI NAKLAKAN DELEGATION DEPORTED FROM EAST TIMOR ............................................................... 63
DELEGATION TO LAY WREATH AT SANTA CRUZ CEMETERY........................................................................63
INDONESIA BARS DELEGATION FROM FLYING TO DILI .............................................................................63
INDONESIANS STOP PEACE PILGRIMAGE TO EAST TIMOR..........................................................................64
AHI NAKLAKAN PARTICIPANT PROFILES.................................................................................................65
WHAT IS APCET? .....................................................................................................................................67
STATEMENT FROM REED BRODY IN BALI ....................................................................................................67
REPORT FROM DR ANDREW MCNAUGHTON IN BALI ..............................................................................68
SOLIDARITY MESSAGES ..............................................................................................................................68
INDONESIA SPIKES GROUP’S JOURNEY ....................................................................................................69
EAST TIMOR SECURITY TIGHTENS AHEAD OF ANNIVERSARY......................................................................69
INDONESIA “DISHONEST” IN BLOCKING TRIP............................................................................................70
MILITARY DEFENDS BAN ON VISITS TO EAST TIMOR ..................................................................................70
MANILA RIGHTS GROUPS CONDEMN JAKARTA...........................................................................................70
INDONESIA DEPORTS RIGHTS ACTIVISTS FROM EAST TIMOR ....................................................................71
‘PEACE PILGRIMS’ SAY EAST TIMOR MISSION SUCCESSFUL ......................................................................71
EAST TIMOR GOVERNOR SAYS ACTIVISTS WOULD HAVE BEEN HURT.........................................................72
DELEGATION EXPELLED FROM EAST TIMOR ...............................................................................................72
SBS - DATELINE TO COVER PILGRIM DELEGATION .....................................................................................73
TRANSCRIPT OF KINGHAM INTERVIEW BY MIKE CAREY ........................................................................73
GUS DUR: I’M NOT AFRAID TO GO TO EAST TIMOR .....................................................................................74
GREEN IRISH MEP QUIZZES INDONESIAN AMBASSADOR ON EAST TIMOR BAR .........................................75
OFFICIAL CIRCULAR BANNING TOURISTS FROM EAST TIMOR....................................................................75
INDONESIA SAYS IT LIFTS EAST TIMOR TRAVEL BAN..............................................................................75
U.N. HIGH COMMISSIONER VISITS ........................................................................................................... 75
TOP UN RIGHTS ENVOY TO VISIT INDONESIA, EAST TIMOR .....................................................................75
INDONESIA SAYS UN VISIT TO IMPROVE RIGHTS RECORD....................................................................76
UN RIGHTS COMMISSIONER VISITS EAST TIMOR .......................................................................................76
SIX ARRESTED TRYING TO REACH AYALA LASSO ........................................................................................76
U.N. CALLS FOR STRONGER INDONESIAN RIGHTS BODY...........................................................................77
UN OFFICIAL URGES TALKS TO SOLVE TIMOR CONFLICT............................................................................77
LASSO BEGINS TIMOR VISIT........................................................................................................................77
TIMORESE RAISE RIGHTS ISSUES WITH U.N. OFFICIAL ..............................................................................78
UN RIGHTS OFFICE IN EAST TIMOR BLOCKED ...........................................................................................78
UN RIGHTS CHIEF SAYS “GRAVE VIOLATIONS” IN EAST TIMOR..............................................................78
GOVERNMENT ON PROTESTS DURING AYALA LASSO’S VISIT......................................................................79
ABILIO ARAUJO VISITS EAST TIMOR & SUHARTO ................................................................................... 80
ABILIO TO SPEND XMAS IN DILI?...............................................................................................................80
ABILIO ARAUJO MEETS SUHARTO................................................................................................................80
DOING BUSINESS WITH SUHARTO .............................................................................................................80
INDONESIA TO BUILD 27 MW POWER PLANT IN EAST TIMOR.................................................................81
Page 4 East Timor Documents, Volumes 41-42. November 3, 1995 - January 31, 1996.
ABILIO ARAUJO’S MEETING WITH SUHARTO ..............................................................................................82
ABILIO ADMITS SUBJECTED TO GREAT PRESSURE IN PORTUGAL ...............................................................82
ABILIO ARAUJO CONCERNED ABOUT TIMOR’S DEVELOPMENT...................................................................82
I WANT TO MEET WITH XANANA.................................................................................................................83
TRYING TO GET OUT.................................................................................................................................. 84
TIMORESE EXILES FACE FRESH HURDLES IN PORTUGAL..........................................................................84
TERROR FUELS ASYLUM-SEEKING BIDS.....................................................................................................84
PRD/SPRIM STATEMENT ON EMBASSY OCCUPATIONS................................................................................85
CHRONOLOGY OF EMBASSY INVASIONS BY EAST TIMORESE ...................................................................85
ADITJONDRO SOLIDARITY MESSAGE.........................................................................................................86
EAST TIMORESE FORCED TO DEMONSTRATE FOR INDONESIA..................................................................86
EMBASSIES IN JAKARTA REASSESS SECURITY ............................................................................................87
AI: GOVERNMENTS SHOULD DO MORE TO PROTECT ASYLUM-SEEKERS.....................................................87
INTELLIGENCE CHIEF: EMBASSY FENCE SCALING BY EAST TIMORESE YOUTH TO DIMINISH IN 1996........88
INDONESIA STUDYING WISHES OF SOME TO RETURN ...............................................................................88
JAKARTA EMBASSIES ON ALERT FOR TIMORESE INCURSIONS ..................................................................88
TIMOR: MEMORIES OF THE HORROR .........................................................................................................89
CHRONOLOGY OF EMBASSY ASYLUM BIDS BY EAST TIMORESE..................................................................89
TO RUSSIA ................................................................................................................................................. 90
EAST TIMORESE STORM EMBASSIES ...........................................................................................................90
EAST TIMORESE STAGE SPECTACULAR EMBASSY PROTESTS ..................................................................90
EAST TIMORESE PETITION RUSSIAN EMBASSY............................................................................................91
EAST TIMORESE IN EMBASSIES NOT YET SEEKING ASYLUM .......................................................................92
RUSSIA CALLS JAKARTA EMBASSY SIT-IN “UNACCEPTABLE” .......................................................................93
INDONESIA SAYS TIMOR PROTESTERS FREE TO LEAVE ..............................................................................93
TIMORESE SPEND COLD NIGHT AT EMBASSIES IN JAKARTA ......................................................................93
TASS: TIMOR “DISSIDENTS” ARE STILL IN COMPOUNDS.............................................................................94
TIMORESE WANT TO LEAVE THE RUSSIAN EMBASSY...................................................................................94
EAST TIMOR INDEPENDENCE CHAMPIONS STILL IN RUSSIAN EMBASSY....................................................94
GLIMMER OF BREAKTHROUGH IN EAST TIMOR PROTESTS .........................................................................94
PEOPLES’ DEMOCRATIC UNION (PRD) UPDATE ...........................................................................................95
TIMOR PROTESTERS QUIT RUSSIAN EMBASSY TO INSULTS ........................................................................96
RUSSIAN EMBASSY EAST TIMORESE AND INDONESIAN SUPPORTERS ABDUCTED BY POLICE....................96
INDONESIA POLICE CONTINUE TO QUIZ TIMOR PROTESTERS ...................................................................97
CDPM CHALLENGES DUTCH AND RUSSIAN GOVERNMENTS.......................................................................97
SUCCESSFUL INDONESIAN/EAST TIMOR ACTIONS IN JAKARTA .................................................................97
FATE OF THE 32 UNCLEAR ...........................................................................................................................98
FOUR EMBASSY TIMORESE ARRESTED IN MALANG.....................................................................................98
RENETIL DENOUNCES RETALIATION AGAINST STUDENTS ..........................................................................98
TO THE NETHERLANDS............................................................................................................................. 99
EIGHT ASYLUM SEEKERS AT DUTCH EMBASSY...........................................................................................99
DUTCH EMBASSY REJECTS ASYLUM FOR EIGHT TIMORESE.......................................................................99
EIGHT ASYLUM SEEKERS LEAVE TO PORTUGAL...........................................................................................99
EIGHT TIMORESE ARRIVE IN LISBON ....................................................................................................... 100
OVER 50 EAST TIMORESE AND INDONESIANS IN DUTCH EMBASSY......................................................... 100
EAST TIMORESE YOUTH PETITION TO DUTCH GOVERNMENT................................................................... 100
EAST TIMORESE PROTESTS TRIGGER VIOLENCE AT EMBASSY.................................................................. 102
PRD AND EAST TIMOR ACTIVISTS CHRONOLOGY AT THE DUTCH EMBASSY DECEMBER 7 1995........... 103
PRD UPDATE ON DUTCH EMBASSY OCCUPATION ..................................................................................... 104
East Timor Documents, Volumes 41-42. November 3, 1995 - January 31, 1996. Page 5
TIMOR PROTESTERS STAY PUT IN DUTCH MISSION .................................................................................. 104
OCCUPATIONS END................................................................................................................................... 105
POLICE ARREST DUTCH EMBASSY OCCUPIERS .................................................................................... 105
POLICE FREE EAST TIMORESE PROTESTERS ............................................................................................. 106
INTERVIEW WITH TWO ACTIVISTS WHO PARTICIPATED IN DUTCH EMBASSY SIT-IN ................................ 106
PROTESTORS FROM JAKARTA DUTCH EMBASSY IN INCREASING DANGER............................................... 109
STATEMENT ISSUED BY THE TIMORESE OUTSIDE DUTCH EMBASSY, LISBON ........................................... 110
RENETIL STATEMENT ON DUTCH PARLIAMENT PROTEST.......................................................................... 111
OCCUPATION PARTY-OFFICE MINISTER VAN MIERLO ............................................................................... 111
DUTCH FOREIGN MINISTER ‘OUTRAGED’ BY ARRESTS.............................................................................. 111
THE 32 ARRESTS AND ARMY-DEPLU CONFLICT......................................................................................... 112
VAN MIERLO SHOULD DEMAND STATEMENT FROM ALATAS..................................................................... 112
DUTCH NOW SAY THERE WERE NO ARRESTS............................................................................................ 112
OCCUPIERS DISCUSSED IN DUTCH PARLIAMENT..................................................................................... 112
TIMOR TRAUMA: DIPLOMATIC ROW ERUPTS OVER VIOLENT DEMONSTRATIONS...................................... 113
DUTCH AMBASSADOR TO GERMANY REPLIES TO LETTER ......................................................................... 113
TO JAPAN................................................................................................................................................. 114
ASYLUM SEEKERS IN JAPANESE EMBASSY................................................................................................ 114
PETITION PRESENTED TO THE GOVERNMENT OF JAPAN BY THE YOUTH OF EAST TIMOR.................... 114
JAPANESE EMBASSY REACTIONS .............................................................................................................. 116
SOEHARTO SAYS EAST TIMORESE CAN FREELY LEAVE THE COUNTRY ...................................................... 116
JAPAN HIDES REAL REQUESTS?................................................................................................................ 117
PORTUGAL TO RECEIVE MEMBERS OF INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENT......................................................... 118
TWENTY-ONE IN JAPANESE EMBASSY LEAVE TO PORTUGAL ................................................................ 118
EAST TIMOR IN THE JAPANESE MEDIA...................................................................................................... 118
TEN ARRESTED TRYING TO ENTER JAPANESE EMBASSY........................................................................... 119
AI ON EAST TIMORESE ARRESTED IN JAKARTA ON 12 JANUARY.............................................................. 119
TO FRANCE .............................................................................................................................................. 120
FIVE EAST TIMORESE JOIN FLOOD OF REFUGE-SEEKERS....................................................................... 120
MORE EAST TIMORESE SEEK ASYLUM, OTHERS TO LEAVE ........................................................................ 122
TO NEW ZEALAND ................................................................................................................................... 122
FIVE EAST TIMORESE SEEK NEW ZEALAND ASYLUM ................................................................................. 122
EMBASSY INCIDENT: END IN SIGHT ......................................................................................................... 123
ETIC AUCKLAND APPEALS TO NZ GOVERNMENT FOR ASYLUM PLEDGE.................................................... 123
FREEDOM IN SIGHT FOR EAST TIMORESE................................................................................................. 123
NZ RENEGES ON RESPONSIBILITY TO EAST TIMORESE ASYLUM SEEKERS............................................. 123
TIMORESE GIVEN SAFE HARBOUR BY PORTUGUESE................................................................................. 123
TIMOR REFUGEES...................................................................................................................................... 124
NEW ZEALAND FIVE ARRIVE IN LISBON ................................................................................................... 124
EAST TIMORESE MEN INJURED INSIDE NZ EMBASSY COMPOUND? ......................................................... 124
LETTER FROM ETIC TO NZ FOREIGN MINISTER......................................................................................... 124
NZ COMPLAINS OVER EMBASSY FRACAS.............................................................................................. 125
EAST TIMORESE ‘JUMPER’ TELLS OF BEATING...................................................................................... 125
ETIC URGES GOVERNMEN T ACCEPT REFUGEES........................................................................................ 126
ETIC/NZ: SUPPORT FOR ASYLUM IN NZ GROWING.............................................................................. 126
NZ: FIRST CHOICE FOR NEW LIFE ........................................................................................................ 126
ASYLUM REFUSAL ‘BREACHED LAW’ .......................................................................................................... 127
FIVE EXPECTED TO ASK FOR NZ REFUGE.................................................................................................. 127
MCKINNON ASKED TO GIVE CLEAR ANSWER ABOUT THE FIVE ASYLUM SEEKERS.................................... 127
Page 6 East Timor Documents, Volumes 41-42. November 3, 1995 - January 31, 1996.
TO AUSTRALIA......................................................................................................................................... 128
TWENTY EAST TIMORESE BOAT PEOPLE CAPTURED .................................................................................. 128
AI URGENT ACTION ON CAPTURED BOAT PEOPLE..................................................................................... 129
NAMES OF BOAT PEOPLE ARRESTED BY INDONESIAN MILITARY ............................................................. 129
JAKARTA ROW BREWS AS EAST TIMORESE WIN ASYLUM .......................................................................... 130
EAST TIMORESE TO FACE TRIAL OVER ESCAPE ATTEMPT .......................................................................... 130
INDONESIAN GOVERNMEN T ON BOAT ASYLUM-SEEKERS ........................................................................ 131
TWO EAST TIMORESE WOMEN SEEK ASYLUM IN AUSTRALIAN EMBASSY ................................................. 131
STATEMENT BY THE WOMEN IN AUSTRALIAN EMBASSY ....................................................................... 132
AUSTRALIA TO STUDY EAST TIMORESE WOMEN’S DEMAND, MINISTER .................................................... 133
ASYLUM FOR TIMORESE UNLIKELY ........................................................................................................... 133
ASYLUM SEEKERS FLEE A CONSTANT THREAT OF RAPE............................................................................ 133
TWO TIMORESE WOMEN MISTREATED BY AUSTRALIA............................................................................... 133
SUPPORT GROUP CLAIMS WOMEN ILL-TREATED AT AUST EMBASSY .................................................... 133
25 ARRESTED ON BOAT TO AUSTRALIA...................................................................................................... 134
TIMOR ARRESTS: ALATAS SLAMMED .......................................................................................................... 135
TO POLAND .............................................................................................................................................. 135
12 EAST TIMORESE IN POLISH EMBASSY................................................................................................... 135
12 TIMORESE SEEK ASYLUM AT POLISH EMBASSY................................................................................ 135
YET MORE POLITICAL ASYLUM SEEKERS IN JAKARTA............................................................................... 136
TWELVE TIMORESE LEAVE POLISH EMBASSY FOR EXILE IN PORTUGAL.................................................... 136
TWELVE OF POLISH EMBASSY ARRIVE IN LISBON ..................................................................................... 136
MARTINHO PEREIRA ARRESTED AND RELEASED.................................................................................. 136
EAST TIMORESE SOCIAL WORKER’S ARREST AND DISAPPEARANCE......................................................... 136
AI URGENT ACTION FOR MARTINHO PEREIRA ET. AL................................................................................ 137
FAMILY PLEADS FOR MARTINHO PEREIRA ................................................................................................ 138
AI UPDATE ON SURABAYA AND EMBASSY ARRESTS................................................................................... 138
INDONESIA LEGAL BODY PROTESTS ARREST OF TIMORESE..................................................................... 139
MARTINHO PEREIRA RELEASED ................................................................................................................ 139
EVENTS IN INDONESIA............................................................................................................................ 140
RED MENACE: WARNINGS OF A COMMUNIST REVIVAL GET PERSONAL................................................... 140
JAILED JOURNALIST TO RECEIVE AWARD................................................................................................. 141
STATEMENT BY SPRIM............................................................................................................................... 141
STATEMENT BY STUDENT SOLIDARITY FOR INDONESIAN DEMOCRACY (SMID) ................................... 142
INDONESIA ATTACKS CRITICS OF ITS DEVELOPMENT.............................................................................. 142
INDONESIAN ACTIVISTS CALL FOR MILITARY WITHDRAWAL .................................................................... 143
INDONESIA DEPORTS FRENCH HUMAN RIGHTS ACTIVIST........................................................................ 143
INDONESIA “WILL NEVER RETREAT” OVER EAST TIMOR ........................................................................... 143
GJA - WHY WAS PT SRITEX TARGETED? .................................................................................................... 143
HOW MUCH FREEDOM?............................................................................................................................. 145
ABRI TAKES ON THE INTERNET ................................................................................................................. 147
MOSLEM GROUP TO DEFEND INDONESIA ON INTERNET..................................................................... 147
INDONESIAN MILITARY DEATH THREATS AGAINST JOSÉ RAMOS HORTA ON INTERNET ..................... 147
XANANA SPEAKS FROM PRISON................................................................................................................ 148
TIMOR GROUP PROTESTS AGAINST RED CROSS, ACTIVIST....................................................................... 150
INDONESIANS DETAINED IN LATEST JAKARTA CRACKDOWN ................................................................... 151
TRANSMIGRATION EASES POVERTY BUT THREATENS ENVIRONMENT...................................................... 151
INDONESIA OUT NOW! MOVEMENT STARTS.............................................................................................. 152
AI: INDONESIA FAILS TO PROTECT WOMEN’S RIGHTS .............................................................................. 153
East Timor Documents, Volumes 41-42. November 3, 1995 - January 31, 1996. Page 7
INDONESIA SAYS AMNESTY RIGHTS REPORT BIASED .......................................................................... 153
AUTONOMY WILL HARDLY GET ON JAKARTA AGEN DA.............................................................................. 154
INDONESIAN ARMY ANNOYED BY ALATAS ................................................................................................ 154
INDONESIA TO REOPEN MISSION IN CUBA .............................................................................................. 155
MAN WITH THE RIGHT MATES (GJA ON BENNY MURDANI) ....................................................................... 155
XANANA GUSMÃO HARASSED BY INTEL ON EVE OF LONDON MEETING................................................... 156
EVENTS IN WEST PAPUA ......................................................................................................................... 156
INDONESIAN MINING PROJECT POSED ‘UNREASONABLE HAZARD’ ......................................................... 156
JAKARTA JOINS THE ROW OVER GRASBERG............................................................................................. 157
FREEPORT MCMORAN: A TIMELINE.......................................................................................................... 158
NCHR WON’T INVESTIGATE FREEPORT ..................................................................................................... 159
ABRI SET ON WEST PAPUAN BLOODBATH: JOSÉ RAMOS HORTA’S GOOD OFFICES OFFER ....................... 159
YEAR-END REVIEWS................................................................................................................................ 159
ANTARA: INDONESIA PURSUES ACTIVE DIPLOMACY IN 1995 .................................................................... 159
UPI 1995: EAST TIMOR HAUNTS INDONESIA.............................................................................................. 160
INDONESIA ORDERED 35 FOREIGNERS OUT OF EAST TIMOR IN 1995 ..................................................... 161
SUHARTO: NEED TO FOCUS THE MIND ON SETTLING DISPUTES ............................................................. 161
INDONESIAN AND PORTUGUESE FOREIGN MINISTERS MEET IN LONDON........................................... 161
INDONESIA SAYS ASYLUM BIDS WILL STRAIN TALKS................................................................................ 161
AKASHI ASSISTING EAST TIMOR TALKS.................................................................................................... 162
ALATAS ON TIMOR TALKS IN LONDON ..................................................................................................... 162
NEW INDONESIAN - EAST TIMOR TALKS?................................................................................................. 162
LISBON SEEKS TO EXPAND EAST TIMOR TALKS ........................................................................................ 162
UN EAST TIMOR TALKS UNLIKELY TO BREAK GROUND ............................................................................. 163
EXILED EAST TIMOR LEADER SCEPTICAL ON UN TALKS............................................................................ 163
FOREIGN MINISTER WILLING TO GO TO JAKARTA.................................................................................... 163
AI: LONDON TALKS IMPORTANT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS .............................................................................. 164
VOA REPORTS ON AI STATEMENT......................................................................................................... 164
TIMOR: GAMA’S DEBUT, XANANA BACK ON AGENDA................................................................................. 165
SECRETARY-GENERAL HOLDS SEVENTH ROUND OF TALKS ON EAST TIMOR............................................ 165
COMMUNIQUÉ ISSUED AT THE CONCLUSION OF THE SEVENTH ROUND OF TALKS ............................. 165
LUSA ON GAMA-ALATAS TALKS................................................................................................................. 166
SEEKING A FURTHER ROUND.................................................................................................................... 166
PORTUGAL, INDONESIA MAKE LITTLE HEADWAY OVER EAST TIMOR ........................................................ 166
XANANA GUSMÃO MUST PLAY LEADING ROLE, SAYS PORTUGUESE FOREI GN MINISTER ........................ 167
PORTUGAL-INDONESIA TALKS COLLAPSE AS JAKARTA REFUSES TO RELAX ITS GRIP .............................. 167
DATES, XANANA, AND THE REST.............................................................................................................. 168
INDONESIA, PORTUGAL FAIL TO AGREE IN LONDON MEETING................................................................ 168
SEVENTH ROUND OF UN TALKS ............................................................................................................... 169
FORMALITIES OVER FOR GAMA AND ALATAS............................................................................................. 169
MR. AKASHI DENIES REPORTS OF “APPOINTMENT AS PERSON IN CHARGE OF EAST TIMOR” .................. 169
“PROGRESS” IN THREE-SIDED TALKS ON EAST TIMOR ISSUE, SAYS MR. AKASHI ................................ 170
EVENTS IN AUSTRALIA............................................................................................................................ 170
EAST TIMORESE REFUGEE SANCTUARY NETWORK FORMED ..................................................................... 170
STATEMENTS FROM SANCTUARY NETWORK SUPPORTERS................................................................... 170
AUSTRALIA IRKED BY CHURCH’S SANCTUARY OFFER........................................................................... 171
SPIRITED TESTAMENT TO THE EAST TIMORESE STRUGGLE....................................................................... 171
INDONESIAN FORCES TRAIN IN AUSTRALIA ............................................................................................ 172
2,000 COMMEMORATE DILI MASSACRE IN MELBOURNE............................................................................ 172
Page 8 East Timor Documents, Volumes 41-42. November 3, 1995 - January 31, 1996.
NOVEMBER 12 RALLY IN MELBOURNE.................................................................................................. 173
DILI MASSACRE REMEMBERED............................................................................................................. 173
RALLIES MARK 1991 DILI MASSACRE................................................................................................... 174
GJA: AFTER THE BAMBOO CURTAIN HAS BEEN PULLED DOWN AGAIN...................................................... 174
RECENT ACTIVITIES IN DARWIN .............................................................................................................. 176
ETCHRIET JOB OPENING IN MELBOURNE................................................................................................ 176
FRETILIN RELAUNCHED IN PERTH ........................................................................................................... 176
DARWIN HUNGER STRIKE AND RECENT ACTIVITIES OF DECEMBER 7...................................................... 176
DARWIN INDONESIAN CONSULATE HUNGER STRIKE.......................................................................... 177
JAKARTA TO SEND CIVILIAN ENVOY TO AUSTRALIA.................................................................................. 177
WIRYONO SASTROHANDOYO, RI AMBASSADOR TO AUSTRALIA................................................................ 177
IT IS NOT A MATTER OF MILITARY OR CIVILIAN, BUT A CHOICE BETWEEN FASCISTS OR DEMOCRATS 178
AUSTRALIAN PROTESTERS BURN INDONESIAN FLAGS.............................................................................. 179
INDONESIA TO PROTEST STRONGLY OVER FLAG BURNINGS............................................................... 179
DARWIN COURT APPEARANCES ON FLAG-BURNINGS .......................................................................... 179
LAUNCH OF BOOK ON AUSTRALIA’S FAILINGS OVER EAST TIMOR ............................................................ 179
AUSTRALIA-INDONESIA: EAST TIMOR ISSUE WON’T RUIN RELATIONS ..................................................... 180
NATIONAL PICKETS AT ALL INDONESIAN CONSULATES IN AUSTRALIA..................................................... 181
20 YEARS OF EAST TIMOR’S OCCUPATION................................................................................................. 181
WESTERN AUSTRALIAN TRADE UNION EAST TIMOR SUPPORT GROUP...................................................... 182
PORTUGAL URGES EVANS TO TALK ON TIMOR.......................................................................................... 182
EVANS SAYS HE OPEN FOR PORTUGAL TALKS...................................................................................... 183
AUSTRALIA, SINGAPORE STEP UP COOPERATION ..................................................................................... 183
SHANE STONE HITS OUR INDON ATTITUDES ............................................................................................ 183
DARWIN: CHIEF MINISTER DEFENDS SUHARTO................................................................................... 184
RAMOS HORTA: LET US ESCALATE THE STRUGGLE!................................................................................... 184
CALL FOR EAST TIMOR DAY OF SOLIDARITY ............................................................................................ 185
PUBLIC EDUCATION CONFERENCE IN SYDNEY, JUNE 1996...................................................................... 186
AUSTRALIA-INDONESIA SECURITY PACT SIGNED .................................................................................. 186
KEATING HAILS AUSTRALIA-INDONESIA DEFEN CE TREATY ..................................................................... 186
TEXT OF AUSTRALIA-INDONESIA SECURITY AGREEMENT........................................................................ 187
VOA ON SECURITY TREATY........................................................................................................................ 187
INDONESIA-AUSTRALIA TIES STRENGTHEN WITH TIME............................................................................ 187
AUSTRALIA SIGNS SECURITY DEAL WITH INDONESIA .............................................................................. 188
STATEMENT BY THE SECRETARIAT OF THE SOCIALIST PARTY OF AUSTRALIA............................................ 189
FOET(WA) CONDEMNS SECURITY TREATY............................................................................................. 190
NATIONAL PUBLIC RADIO INTERVIEW ON INDO-OZ SECURITY PACT ....................................................... 190
SECURITY PACT SIGNED ........................................................................................................................... 192
JAMES DUNN ON THE TREATY................................................................................................................. 192
DOES AUSTRALIA HAVE NO SHAME?..................................................................................................... 193
HANDS ACROSS THE TIMOR SEA.............................................................................................................. 193
INDONESIA-AUSTRALIA: SECURITY ON ALL FRONTS - SAVE HUMAN RIGHTS ........................................... 194
REVEALING GEN. SUMITRO VIEWS ON AUSTRALIA-INDONESIA SECURITY ............................................... 195
COMMENT FROM JUAN FEDERER: ........................................................................................................ 196
TREATY FORMALISES BACKING FOR JAKARTA GENERALS......................................................................... 196
EVENTS IN AOTEAROA (NEW ZEALAND)................................................................................................. 197
SOUTH AFRICA TO INDONESIA ARMS SALES QUESTIONED....................................................................... 197
TIMOR HOPING FOR HUMAN RIGHTS SPIN-OFF ...................................................................................... 197
NZ PRESSES INDONESIA’S SUHARTO ON TIMOR RIGHTS ......................................................................... 197
East Timor Documents, Volumes 41-42. November 3, 1995 - January 31, 1996. Page 9
CUT MILITARY TIES WITH INDONESIA, NZ RALLY SAYS ............................................................................ 197
FINALLY, A MEETING WITH RAMOS-HORTA............................................................................................... 198
TIMORESE SHOCK AT ‘THUG’ TIE......................................................................................................... 198
TIMOR APPEAL FAILS TO CHANGE NZ’S STANCE ON INDONESIA.............................................................. 199
HORTA VISITS NEW ZEALAND ................................................................................................................... 199
ALLIANCE SEEKS INQUIRY INTO TIMOR SHOOTING ................................................................................. 199
MOTHER WANTS GOVERNMENT HELP FOR TIMOR INQUIRY ................................................................ 200
EVENTS IN ASIA....................................................................................................................................... 201
KOREA CONFERENCE DISCUSSES EAST TIMOR ........................................................................................ 201
MALAYSIAN RIGHTS GROUP DEMANDS TO DROP BURMA INVITE ............................................................. 203
EAST TIMOR REFUGEES BIDING TIME IN MACAO ...................................................................................... 204
THAILAND TO BAR RAMOS-HORTA ........................................................................................................... 205
RAMOS HORTA ASKS LISBON TO PROTEST........................................................................................... 205
APEC MEETS IN OSAKA - EVENTS IN JAPAN .......................................................................................... 206
EAST TIMORESE TO OSAKA NGO MEETINGS ............................................................................................. 206
PRESIDENT SUHARTO TO OSAKA APEC ................................................................................................ 206
APEC OBSERVER STATUS FOR EAST TIMOR! .............................................................................................. 206
INDONESIA BLASTS PORTUGAL................................................................................................................. 206
ALATAS: FENCE-CLIMBI NG NO LONGER A PROBLEM................................................................................. 207
VOA: APEC PROTESTS................................................................................................................................ 207
TIMORESE ACCUSES JAKARTA OF HARASSMENT....................................................................................... 207
SALVADOR XIMENES JOINS INTEL TEAM ON APEC ................................................................................... 207
MAIREAD MAGUIRE MEETS WITH JAPANESE PM ON EAST TIMOR AND NORTHERN IRELAND ................ 208
EVENTS IN EUROPE................................................................................................................................. 208
ARMS TRADE NEWS: FRANCE AND GERMANY........................................................................................... 208
DEC. 7 INITIATIVES IN BRUSSELS ............................................................................................................ 209
CARMEL BUDIARDJO’S RIGHT LIVELIHOOD AWARD SPEECH ................................................................... 209
CORTO MALTESE AND EAST TIMOR .......................................................................................................... 210
“PRONK [DUTCH MINISTER OF DEVELOPMENT] AGAINST ARMS DEAL...................................................... 210
COMMISSION SUGGESTS CHANGE TO PORTUGAL’S POSITION (ON ASEAN ACCORD) .............................. 211
GAC (OF EUROPEAN UNION) TO PREPARE FOR BANGKOK SUMMIT..................................................... 211
RAMOS HORTA & SEN. CLAIBORNE PELL AWARDED 1ST UNPO HR PRIZES .............................................. 212
EVENTS IN PORTUGAL............................................................................................................................. 212
NEW YEAR, NEW LIFE................................................................................................................................ 212
ALMEIDA SANTOS WANTS GREATER ASSISTANCE GIVEN TO THE RESISTANCE ...................................... 213
PORTUGAL ACCUSES INDONESIA OVER TIMOR EXILES ........................................................................... 213
NEW PORTUGUESE GOVERNMENT BODY TO SUPPORT ET EXILES ............................................................ 213
PORTUGUESE GUILT OVER TIMOR............................................................................................................ 213
PORTUGAL REJECTS INDONESIAN NATO ROLE IN BOSNIA...................................................................... 214
LISBON TO INCREASE PRESSURE ON JAKARTA......................................................................................... 215
PORTUGAL’S SOARES SAYS INDONESIA “DICTATORSHIP” ........................................................................ 215
TEN TIMORESE FAMILIES TO RETURN TO EAST TIMOR.............................................................................. 215
10 ANTI-COLONIAL EAST TIMORESE FIGHTERS TO ARRIVE JAN 5........................................................ 215
TIMORESE ON THEIR WAY BACK ......................................................................................................... 216
MINISTER DINES WITH TIMORESE REFUGEES .......................................................................................... 216
PORTUGAL ACCUSED OF HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS............................................................................. 217
NEW PORTUGUESE PRESIDENT WILL KEEP EAST TIMOR QUESTION ALIVE............................................... 217
TIMORESE ARRESTED BY JAKARTA AS THEY ATTEMPT TO FLEE TO AUSTRALIA......................................... 218
DOM DUARTE’S BOYCOTT ..................................................................................................................... 218
Page 10 East Timor Documents, Volumes 41-42. November 3, 1995 - January 31, 1996.
GAMA IN MANILA....................................................................................................................................... 218
SOARES GETS CHRISTMAS GREETINGS FROM XANANA............................................................................ 218
TIMOR TO RECEIVE RTPI (PORTUGUESE TV) .............................................................................................. 218
RTPI BEGINS BROADCASTS TO EAST TIMOR......................................................................................... 219
INDONESIA QUERIES PORTUGAL’S SATELLITE TV MOTIVES ................................................................. 219
EVENTS IN BRITAIN................................................................................................................................. 219
BRITAIN’S HELP TO JAKARTA CONDEMNED BY LABOUR MP..................................................................... 219
JOB OPENING IN LONDON ....................................................................................................................... 220
HAWKS OVER EAST TIMOR; BRITAIN ARMS INDONESIA............................................................................ 220
BRITAIN BACKS JAKARTA DENIAL OF TIMOR TERROR CLAIMS................................................................. 223
BRITAIN APPROVES SALE OF FIGHTERS TO INDONESIA ........................................................................... 224
RESISTING THE GIANT: DAYSCHOOL ON BAE ........................................................................................... 224
WOMEN DISARM HAWK JET WITH HAMMERS ........................................................................................... 224
EVENTS IN IRELAND................................................................................................................................ 225
DUBLIN VIGIL IN SUPPORT OF IRISH PEACE PILGRIMS............................................................................ 225
NORRIS URGES VISIT TO TIMOR REBEL LEADER....................................................................................... 225
SANTA TO DECOMMISSION WARPLANE AT BRITISH EMBASSY.................................................................. 225
ROLE OF IRELAND STRESSED AS UN TALKS BEGIN.................................................................................. 226
HORTA INTERVIEWED ON RTE ................................................................................................................. 226
EVENTS IN CANADA................................................................................................................................. 226
ISABEL GALHOS SINGS EAST TIMOR INDEPENDENCE SONG AT INDONESIAN EMBASSY IN OTTAWA ...... 226
CANADA STATEMENT TO UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY ON EAST TIMOR .......................................................... 227
BISHOP BELO WINS THE JOHN HUMPHREY FREEDOM AWARD ................................................................ 227
UNIONS CALL FOR ARMS EMBARGO......................................................................................................... 229
CANADIAN EAST TIMOR ADVOCATES THRASH TRADE TRIP...................................................................... 229
PM URGED TO TAKE A HARD, PUBLIC POSITION AGAINST MISTREATMEN T OF EAST TIMOR ISLANDERS . 230
CANADA CAN BE BOUGHT! ........................................................................................................................ 230
CANADIAN TRADE MISSION TO INDONESIA DRAWS FIRE OVER HUMAN RIGHTS................................ 231
CANADIAN RUSE FREES ACTIVIST............................................................................................................ 231
WHAT PROFIT TRADE IN HUMAN RIGHTS?................................................................................................ 232
INDONESIA PACTS MAY TOTAL $2.7 BILLION............................................................................................. 233
INDONESIAN CANADA AMBASSADOR INTIMIDATES ET REFUGEE MOTHER .............................................. 234
OTTAWA EAST TIMOR ACTIVIST SAYS DIPLOMAT THREATENED HER FAMILY........................................ 234
CANADA DEMANDS MEETING AFTER INDONESIAN AMBASSADOR VISITS REFUGEE............................ 235
EVENTS IN THE UNITED STATES............................................................................................................ 236
THE EAST TIMOR QUESTION AND U.S. INTERESTS IN THE PACIFIC REGION ............................................ 236
EAST TIMORESE POLITICAL PRISONERS WRITE U.S. CONGRESS............................................................. 237
ORGANIZING WHERE THE MONEY IS....................................................................................................... 238
SUHARTO COMES TO TOWN ...................................................................................................................... 239
SUPPORTERS OF EAST TIMOR PROTEST INDONESIA’S OCCUPATION OF REGION................................ 240
IS IT SAFE YET? PROMOTING THE SUHARTO REGIME IN AMERICA TODAY ............................................... 240
REPORT ON US-INDONESIA SOCIETY LAUNCHING IN JAKARTA ............................................................... 242
INTERFAITH SERVICE TO COMMEMORATE EAST TIMOR MASSACRE VICTIMS............................................ 242
UPCOMING EAST TIMOR EVENTS IN THE UNITED STATES......................................................................... 243
SIXTEEN ARRESTED AT INDONESIAN CONSULATE IN SAN FRANCISCO.................................................... 244
SANTA CRUZ MEMORIAL EVENT IN LOS ANGELES..................................................................................... 245
REPORT ON NOV. 12 COMMEMORATION IN SEATTLE................................................................................ 246
DERCO INDUSTRIES TO SUPPLY C-130 PARTS TO INDONESIA.................................................................. 246
SEN. ROBB ON EAST TIMOR ...................................................................................................................... 246
East Timor Documents, Volumes 41-42. November 3, 1995 - January 31, 1996. Page 11
US NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CHURCHES RESOLUTION ON EAST TIMOR .................................................... 247
SEND CLINTON A MESSAGE...................................................................................................................... 247
U.S. CAN HELP EAST TIMOR ...................................................................................................................... 248
DON’T ABET TIMOR WOES .................................................................................................................... 248
EAST TIMOR HUMAN RIGHTS ACCOUNTABILITY ACT INTRODUCED IN U.S. CONGRESS ........................... 248
PORTLAND ACTIVITIES, DECEMBER 7....................................................................................................... 250
FREEDOM HOUSE: EAST TIMOR AMONG WORST....................................................................................... 250
US CONGRESS NOT VERY WELL INFORMED OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN INDONESIA...................................... 250
INDONESIA PLANS TO LAUNCH ITS PASSENGER JET IN 2002 ................................................................... 250
TIME EXPLAINS NON-COVERAGE OF ET.................................................................................................... 251
NEW YORK DEMO PROTESTS AUSTRALIA’S EAST TIMOR POLICY ............................................................. 251
RESOURCES............................................................................................................................................. 251
XANANA ON CD......................................................................................................................................... 251
“DEATH OF A NATION” AVAILABLE ON VIDEO ............................................................................................ 251
INDONESIA BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT 800 NUMBER................................................................................. 252
STOP THE HAWK DEAL NEWSLETTER ON WWW ........................................................................................ 252
“20”: WWW INTERNATIONAL MUSIC FOR EAST TIMOR............................................................................... 252
“EYEWITNESS” LAUNCHED IN LONDON .................................................................................................... 252
REVIEW: GENERATIONS OF RESISTANCE................................................................................................. 253
CONTROVERSY OVER MICROSOFT ENCARTA ON EAST TIMOR .................................................................. 253
INDONESIAN FOREIGN MINISTER PHOTOGRAPH ON POSTER ................................................................ 254
INDONESIA DAILY NEWS DATABASE ONLINE............................................................................................ 254
NEW WEB SITES ON EAST TIMOR ............................................................................................................. 255
THORN IN THE FLESH OF SOUTHEAST ASIA.............................................................................................. 255

East Timor Action Network

Documents on East Timor from PeaceNet and Connected Computer Networks Volume 43: February 1, 1996 - April 30, 1996

BACKGROUND ARTICLES ............................................................................................................................ 9
EAST TIMOR’S HISTORY FROM SPICES TO CONFLICT....................................................................................9
XANANA A THORN IN INDONESIA’S SIDE .....................................................................................................9
EVENTS IN EAST TIMOR............................................................................................................................ 10
AI ON DETENTION & TORTURE AFTER SEPT. 95 RIOTS...............................................................................10
REPORT FROM OCTOBER VISIT TO EAST TIMOR..........................................................................................12
FOUR INDONESIAN TROOPS KILLED, NINE INJURED IN VIQUEQUE .........................................................14
TROOPS CAPTURE EAST TIMOR REBEL .......................................................................................................14
INDONESIAN TROOPS KILL SIX TIMORESE REBELS....................................................................................14
TIMORESE REBELS KILL TWO - ANTARA .....................................................................................................15
INDONESIA ARRESTS 27 REBELS IN 10 MONTHS ........................................................................................15
TIMORESE REBEL GIVES UP TO INDONESIAN AUTHORITIES......................................................................15
400 YEARS UNDER PORTUGUESE COLONIZATION, NO ELECTRICITY AT FATUBOSA....................................15
GOVT. TO ORGANIZE DOMESTIC TOUR FOR EAST TIMOR TEACHERS.........................................................16
SEVEN INJURED AS INDONESIA QUELLS TIMOR JAIL RIOT.......................................................................16
GUERRILLAS FACE NEW ARMY ONSLAUGHT...............................................................................................17
INCREASED MILITARISATION AND WORSENING HUMAN RIGHTS IN EAST TIMOR CONFIRMED ................18
FIGHTING AND KILLING CONTINUES IN EAST TIMOR.................................................................................19
AI UPDATE ON JOSÉ ANTONIO BELO...........................................................................................................19
PORTUGAL, COME QUICKLY... AND LIBERATE US!.......................................................................................21
ANTONIO, FALLEN STAR ..............................................................................................................................22
Documents on East Timor from
PeaceNet and Connected Computer Networks
Volume 43: February 1, 1996 - April 30, 1996
Published by:
East Timor Action Network / U.S.
P.O. Box 1182, White Plains, NY 10602 USA
Tel: 914-428-7299 Fax: 914-428-7383 E-mail CSCHEINER@IGC.APC.ORG
These documents are produced approximately every two months and mailed to subscribers.
For additional or back copies, send US$30 per volume; add $5 for international air mail. Discount
rates: $15 for educational and non-profit institutions; $8 for U.S. activists; $11 international.
Subscription rates: $180 ($90 educational, $48 activist) for the next six issues. Add $30 ($18 activist)
for international air mail. Further subsidies are available for groups in Third World countries working
on East Timor. Checks should be made out to “ETAN.”
The material is grouped by subject, with articles under each category in approximately chronological
order. It is also available on IBM-compatible diskette, in either Word for Windows or ASCII format.
Reprinting and distribution without permission is welcomed.
Much of this information is translated and supplied by TAPOL (London), CDPM (Lisbon), CNRM, Free
East Timor Japan Coalition, Mate-Bian News (Sydney), East Timor Ireland Solidarity Campaign, ETIC
(Aotearoa), Australians for a Free East Timor (Darwin) and other activists and solidarity groups, but
they are not responsible for editorial comment or selection.
Page 2 East Timor Documents, Volume 43. February 1 - April 30, 1996.
KONIS SANTANA: U.S. HOLDS THE KEY......................................................................................................23
GIANT STATUE PROJECT HALTED ...............................................................................................................23
JAKARTA TIGHTENS SECURITY IN DILI .......................................................................................................23
TIMORESE ARRESTED IN FATUBERLIU........................................................................................................23
MA’HUNO’S SON BEATEN TO A COMA.........................................................................................................24
SUMAMPOUW’S BIGGEST BET (COFFEE)......................................................................................................24
MARINE SOLDIERS FROM EAST TIMOR ARE VERY NEEDED ......................................................................26
EAST TIMORESE YOUNG PEOPLE IN STRUGGLE..........................................................................................26
ABRI FACTION OF HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES VISITS EAST TIMOR ......................................................28
RP 4.8 BILLION FOR COOPERATIVES AND SMALL INDUSTRIES IN EAST TIMOR ..........................................28
INDONESIA TO OPEN HUMAN RIGHTS OFFICE IN TIMOR ...........................................................................28
TIMORESE REPORTEDLY KILLED FOR RAISING FLAG..................................................................................29
TIMOR TENSION HIGH AFTER PROTEST DEATHS .......................................................................................29
OMCT ALERT ON AFONSO GONÇALVES AND ANTONIO LUIS SOARES ........................................................29
ASYLUM-SEEKING CONTINUES ................................................................................................................. 30
CHRONOLOGY OF EMBASSY ASYLUM BIDS FOR EAST TIMORESE ...............................................................30
POLAND SETS UP COMMITTEE ON TIMORESE REFUGEES ..........................................................................30
YET ANOTHER EMBASSY OCCUPATION (FRENCH) .......................................................................................31
29 EAST TIMORESE APPLY TO LEAVE FOR PORTUGAL..................................................................................31
AI ALERT ON BOAT PEOPLE ARRESTS .........................................................................................................32
AI UPDATE ON NOVEMBER 1995 BOAT PEOPLE............................................................................................32
TIMORESE GATECRASH AUSTRALIAN EMBASSY...........................................................................................33
EAST TIMORESE DENIED ACCESS TO AUSTRALIAN JOURNALISTS ..............................................................33
TIMORESE IN OZ AND FRENCH EMBASSIES................................................................................................34
TIMORESE LEAVE FRENCH JAKARTA MISSION FOR PORTUGAL...................................................................34
MORE TIMORESE SAID READY TO LEAVE THEIR HOMELAND......................................................................35
TALKS BETWEEN AUSTRALIAN EMBASSY, ASYLUM-SEEKERS CONTINUE.....................................................35
NINE EAST TIMORESE REJECT OFFER TO GO TO PORTUGAL......................................................................36
ASYLUM SEEKERS ADMITTED TO HOSPITAL ................................................................................................36
SUICIDE ATTEMPT: ET ASYLUM SEEKERS ...................................................................................................37
INDONESIAN MILITARY ABDUCTS HOSPITALISED ASYLUM SEEKERS .........................................................37
TIMORESE IN AUSTRALIAN MISSION STILL IN STALEMATE .......................................................................37
ASIET: 5 EAST TIMORESE OUT OF EMBASSY ................................................................................................38
CNRM STATEMENT ON ASYLUM SEEKERS ...................................................................................................38
MILITARY GRILLS ASYLUM-SEEKERS, SAYS ASSOCIATE ..............................................................................40
FOUR TIMORESE LEAVE DUTCH EMBASSY IN RECORD TIME......................................................................40
FOUR EAST TIMORESE SITTING TIGHT AT AUSTRALIAN EMBASSY...............................................................41
ENTRY ATTEMPT AT PALESTINIAN EMBASSY................................................................................................41
INTERNATIONAL STATEMENT ON JAKARTA EMBASSY ASYLUM-SEEKERS....................................................41
TIMORESE IN AUSTRALIA MISSION LIKELY FOR PORTUGAL........................................................................42
FOUR EAST TIMORESE LEAVE AUSTRALIAN EMBASSY, TO STAY...................................................................43
TIMORESE ENTER FRENCH AND POLISH JAKARTA MISSIONS AHEAD OF TALKS ........................................43
TIMORESE BOAT PEOPLE JAILED................................................................................................................44
TIMORESE FORCED TO LEAVE GERMAN EMBASSY ......................................................................................44
EAST TIMOR LEADER TO LODGE COMPLAINT AGAINST GERMANY.............................................................46
BONN SUMMONS INDONESIAN AMBASSADOR IN TIMOR CASE..................................................................46
TIMORESE HELD IN JAKARTA RELEASED ...................................................................................................47
PCP DEMANDS EXPLANATION .....................................................................................................................47
THREE TIMORESE IN HOSPITAL .................................................................................................................47
GERMANY REGRETS INCIDENTS .................................................................................................................47
East Timor Documents, Volume 43. February 1 - April 30, 1996. Page 3
LETTER TO GERMANS..................................................................................................................................48
THREE TIMORESE ENTER DUTCH EMBASSY ................................................................................................49
EVENTS IN INDONESIA.............................................................................................................................. 49
GOVERNMENT NETWORK HACKED BY FREE TIMOR SUPPORTERS..............................................................49
WHAT CORRUPTION DOES ..........................................................................................................................49
INDONESIA SAYS STILL NEEDS SUBVERSION LAW .....................................................................................50
BISHOP BELO’S NIECE ARRESTED IN PRIOK...............................................................................................50
MUI AID TO TIMOR MUSLIMS ......................................................................................................................50
‘TIMOR’ CAR TO BE PRODUCED BY TOMMY SUHARTO ................................................................................51
HUMAN RIGHTS GUIDE BOOK.....................................................................................................................51
DOMESTIC SITUATION CALLS FOR MORE SERIOUS ATTENTION................................................................52
ARMED FORCES CHIEF: HUMAN RIGHTS ALONE CANNOT SOLVE NATIONAL PROBLEMS...........................52
ARMED FORCES SHOULD NOT WORRY ABOUT THE GROUPINGS IN SOCIETY ............................................52
PAKPAHAN CALLS FOR REFERENDUM IN EAST TIMOR ...............................................................................52
TIMOR - INDONESIA’S MAIN PROBLEM ......................................................................................................54
SUHARTO WARNS AGAINST INDONESIAN DISINTEGRATION .....................................................................54
INDON PARTY BOSS SAYS TIMOR A NON-ISSUE .........................................................................................54
NIP THIS REBELLION (IRIAN JAYA).............................................................................................................54
DPR MEMBER REGRETS DYSFUNCTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION OFFICE....................................55
INDONESIANS JEALOUS OF EAST TIMOR HANDOUTS .................................................................................55
INDONESIA AIR SHOW (IAS) IN JUNE ‘96 ..................................................................................................56
DISINFORMATION FROM THE INDONESIAN SIDE .................................................................................... 57
MULADI IN MATRA: EAST TIMORESE TERRORISM?......................................................................................57
EAST TIMORESE CLAIM OVER PORTUGAL IS REALISTIC.............................................................................57
WOMEN’S ROLE HAS IMPROVED RAPIDLY ..................................................................................................58
RAFTY: THE EAST TIMOR QUESTION: AS I SEE IT.........................................................................................58
EUROPE-ASIA SUMMIT IN BANGKOK........................................................................................................ 61
THAILAND TO BAR TIMOR LEADER .............................................................................................................61
GAC TO PREPARE FOR BANGKOK SUMMIT..................................................................................................61
EAST ASIANS SEEK TO AVOID CONTROVERSY AT EU SUMMIT....................................................................62
EAST TIMOR AND THE ASIA-EUROPE SUMMIT............................................................................................62
JAKARTA WORRIED BY TIMOR....................................................................................................................62
PARIS-JAKARTA – WITHOUT PASSING THROUGH TIMOR.............................................................................63
PARIS DOES NOT WANT ANY CLASHES ......................................................................................................64
PRESSURE GROUPS PLAN ALTERNATIVE ASIA-EUROPE TALKS..................................................................64
HOST THAIS SAY NO SENSITIVE TOPICS ....................................................................................................64
EU WANTS SENSITIVE ISSUES BROACHED ..................................................................................................65
EU WON’T PUSH HUMAN RIGHTS ...............................................................................................................65
EU MINISTERS AGREE ON BANGKOK PREPARATIONS.................................................................................66
ASIANS STEER SUMMIT WITH EU AWAY FROM CONTROVERSY .................................................................66
EU-ASIA MEETING TO TARGET BIASES.........................................................................................................67
HUMAN RIGHTS LOOMS OVER ASIA SUMMIT ..............................................................................................68
PORTUGAL DETERMINED TO KEEP ASIAN EYES ON TIMOR.........................................................................69
AMNESTY: SUMMIT MUST INCLUDE STRONG COMMITMENT TO HUMAN RIGHTS......................................70
HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH: DON’T IGNORE HUMAN RIGHTS .........................................................................70
HUMAN RIGHTS ACTIVISTS ARE GLOOMY ON SUMMIT ...............................................................................71
SPEECH BY CARMEL BUDIARDJO AT BANGKOK NGO CONFERENCE...........................................................71
BANGKOK NGO CONFEREN CE RECOMMENDATIONS..................................................................................74
TRILLION DOLLAR TRADE DULLS RIGHTS PRINCIPLES...............................................................................77
Page 4 East Timor Documents, Volume 43. February 1 - April 30, 1996.
EUROPEAN, ASIAN NATIONS PLEDGE FRESH COMMITMENT TO FREE TRADE............................................78
AGIR POUR TIMOR LETTER TO FRENCH EMBASSY.......................................................................................78
CHIRAC IN BANGKOK, DEMOCRACY IN THE LOO ......................................................................................79
EAST TIMOR IN THAI PRESS........................................................................................................................79
ASEM COVERAGE IN JAPAN.........................................................................................................................79
TIMORESE LEADER THREATENED................................................................................................................80
GUTERRES OFFERS OUT TO SUHARTO .................................................................................................... 80
GUTERRES MEETS WITH SUHARTO.............................................................................................................80
PORTUGAL SAYS INDONESIA MOVING ON TIMOR PLAN .............................................................................81
PORTUGAL’S TIMOR OFFER CARRIES RISKS...............................................................................................81
TEN MINUTE HISTORIC DIALOGUE.............................................................................................................82
EAST TIMORESE CAUTIOUS ON PORTUGUESE INITIATIVE...........................................................................83
PORTUGUESE PROPOSALS SEEN BREAKING EAST TIMOR IMPASSE............................................................83
LISBON SEEKS JAKARTA TRUCE.................................................................................................................84
ALATAS ON PORTUGUESE PROPOSAL..........................................................................................................84
PRESIDENT: NOT ONLY XANANA GUSMÃO ..................................................................................................84
INTRA-TIMORESE DIALOGUE IN AUSTRIA ................................................................................................ 85
HORTA’S PLACE MIGHT BE TAKEN BY PRIEST FROM TIMOR......................................................................85
BISHOP BELO, VATICAN, AND AUSTRIA.......................................................................................................86
ALL INCLUSIVE EAST TIMORESE DIALOGUE II TO BE HELD IN AUSTRIA ....................................................86
SOEHARTO ASKS EAST TIMORESE ABROAD TO THINK REALISTICALLY .......................................................86
ALL-INCLUSIVE DIALOGUE ON EAST TIMOR TO CONTINUE IN AUSTRIA, 19-22 MARCH .............................87
SECOND ALL INCLUSIVE EAST TIMORESE DIALOGUE WITHOUT BISHOP BELO...........................................87
INTRA-TIMORESE MEETING STARTS TODAY IN AUSTRIA.............................................................................87
A BETTER FUTURE FOR THE PEOPLE OF EAST TIMOR MOST WANTED..........................................................88
TWO HOT ISSUES COMMENCE INTRA-TIMORESE MEETING........................................................................88
STALEMATE AT INTRA-TIMORESE MEETING.................................................................................................89
INTRA-EAST TIMORESE DIALOGUE ADOPTS DECLARATION; CALLS FOR CONTINUING TALKS ....................89
BURG SCHLAINING DECLARATION, 1996.....................................................................................................89
AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMEN T COMMITS $20,000 TO TIMOR...........................................................................90
JAPANESE FUNDS FOR INTRA-TIMORESE DIALOGUE..................................................................................90
XIMENES BELO KEPT FROM MEETING FOLLOWING PRESSURE ON VATICAN ..............................................90
THE PEOPLE OF TIMOR CANNOT TAKE ANY MORE......................................................................................91
CNRM ON SECOND EAST TIMORESE TALKS ................................................................................................92
HORTA: “THE FUTURE OF EAST TIMOR IS VERY CLOSE” ............................................................................92
A GOOD STEP TO HAVE INDONESIAN REPORTERS IN PORTUGAL..............................................................93
CATHOLIC CHURCH ACTIVITIES ............................................................................................................... 93
THE DAILY MARTYRDOM OF THE CHURCH IN TIMOR..................................................................................93
INVITATION DIDN’T COME ..........................................................................................................................94
BISHOPS’ TRIP TO TIMOR DELAYED ...........................................................................................................94
NEW SEMINARY INAUGURATED ON SATURDAY..........................................................................................94
EAST TIMORESE PROTEST AGAINST INDONESIA AT MASS .........................................................................95
THREE ARRESTED IN DILI ...........................................................................................................................96
POLICE SMASH EAST TIMOR PROTEST .......................................................................................................96
YOU ARE LIVING IN HELL............................................................................................................................97
DARWIN PROTEST AT SUNDAY INCIDENT...................................................................................................97
INDONESIA POLICE RELEASE TIMORESE AFTER PROTEST..........................................................................97
APPEAL FROM EAST TIMOR - “DON’T FORGET US!” ......................................................................................97
TWO INDONESIAN AMBASSADORS MEET WITH BISHOP BELO ...................................................................98
East Timor Documents, Volume 43. February 1 - April 30, 1996. Page 5
LETTERS ARRIVE FROM TIMOR...................................................................................................................98
POPE URGES DIALOGUE BETWEEN INDONESIA, EAST TIMOR.....................................................................98
POPE SENDS ENVOY TO EAST TIMOR.........................................................................................................98
CONFRONTATIONS & ARRESTS DURING ETCHEGARAY’S VISIT...................................................................99
ETCHEGARAY STATEMENT ON LEAVING DILI ..............................................................................................99
CARDINAL ETCHEGARAY MEETS WITH PRESIDENT SOEHARTO ................................................................ 100
EAST TIMOR GOVERNOR AND BISHOP BELO FULFILL INVITATION OF MUI ACEH ..................................... 100
TIMOR ON THE VATICAN AGENDA............................................................................................................ 101
VATICAN URGING XANANA’S RELEASE..................................................................................................... 101
BISHOP BELO VISITS PURA GIRINATA ...................................................................................................... 101
BELO MAKING WAVES AGAIN .................................................................................................................... 102
GIVE EAST TIMOR MORE AUTONOMY: BISHOP.......................................................................................... 103
FATHER MARSHALL: HARMONY AMONG RELIGIOUS COMMUNITIES IN EAST TIMOR HAS NO PROBLEM 103
READERS DIGEST ARTICLE AND CONTROVERSY................................................................................... 103
READER’S DIGEST: HERO FOR A FORGOTTEN PEOPLE.............................................................................. 103
JAKARTA BARS READER’S DIGEST NEWSSTAND SALES ............................................................................. 106
INDONESIA DENIES BANNING READER’S DIGEST EDITION ..................................................................... 106
INDONESIAN GENERALS BAN READERS DIGEST MARCH EDITION .......................................................... 106
2XX RADIO NEWS ON READER’S DIGEST BAN IN INDONESIA................................................................. 107
NEGOTIATIONS AND COUNTER-OFFERS ................................................................................................. 107
HORTA: A ROAD TO PEACE IN EAST TIMOR ............................................................................................... 107
SEARCHING FOR A SOLUTION TO EAST TIMOR ......................................................................................... 107
EAST TIMORESE LEADER APPEALS FOR RELEASE OF WEST PAPUA HOSTAGES ......................................... 108
JOSÉ RAMOS-HORTA CHATHAM HOUSE ADDRESS.................................................................................... 108
UN HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION IN GENEVA ....................................................................................... 112
U.N. HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSIONER VISITS INDONESIA [AND E. TIMOR].............................................. 112
SELF-DETERMINATION CONFERENCE IN GENEVA .................................................................................... 113
UN HUMAN RIGHTS PROGRAM IN FINANCIAL CRISIS.............................................................................. 113
BOUTROS GHALI CONFIDENT OF SETTLEMENT FOR EAST TIMOR ............................................................ 114
AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL REMARKS TO UNHRC ..................................................................................... 114
U.N. CHIEF SAYS ETHNIC WARS THREATEN HUMAN RIGHTS ................................................................... 115
NGOS RAISE EAST TIMOR AT UNHRC ....................................................................................................... 115
UN RIGHTS BOSS CITES GRAVE VIOLATIONS IN EAST TIMOR.................................................................. 115
UN RIGHTS CHAIRMAN SLAMS WESTERN HYPOCRISY.............................................................................. 118
UN HUMAN RIGHTS MONITORING OFFICE IN JAKARTA........................................................................... 118
UN TO DISCUSS SITUATION IN TIMOR ..................................................................................................... 119
AMNESTY REFUSES TO SPEAK AT UNHRC MEETING.................................................................................. 119
NEGOTIATIONS AT HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION.................................................................................... 119
EAST TIMOR CAUSES IMPASSE IN GENEVA ............................................................................................... 120
UNHRC EXCERPTS..................................................................................................................................... 120
UNHRC CHAIRMAN’S CONSENSUS STATEMENT........................................................................................ 121
COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS CONCLUDES ANNUAL GENERAL DEBATE............................................ 122
JAKARTA’S INTERPRETATION OF UNHRC STATEMENT.............................................................................. 122
OTHER UN ACTIVITIES ............................................................................................................................ 123
DECOLONIZATION SUCCESSES HAVE CHANGED INTERNATIONAL LANDSCAPE...................................... 123
U.N. GENERAL ASSEMBLY PRESIDENT IN MACAU ..................................................................................... 125
GUINEA-BISSAU PRESIDES UNSC NON-ALIGNED GROUP ......................................................................... 125
UN DECOLONIZATION MEETING ATTACKED.............................................................................................. 125
Page 6 East Timor Documents, Volume 43. February 1 - April 30, 1996.
EVENTS IN AUSTRALIA............................................................................................................................ 126
LETTERS IN THE BULLETIN ........................................................................................................................ 126
DARWIN: OZ MILITARY VISIT CONSULATE................................................................................................ 126
AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL DAY OF SOLIDARITY WITH EAST TIMOR ............................................................ 126
ACADEMICS TARGET EAST TIMOR AS POLL ISSUE..................................................................................... 127
COALITION WOULD BE CONSISTENT ON EAST TIMOR: DOWNER.............................................................. 127
ET’ESE KIM JONG DEN IED ASYLUM IN OZ ............................................................................................... 127
LAWYERS CALL FOR AUSTRALIA RE-THINK EAST TIMOR .......................................................................... 129
INQUIRY INTO DEATHS OF JOURNALISTS ................................................................................................ 129
GARETH EVANS UPSTAGED IN BRISBANE.................................................................................................. 129
NORTHERN TERRITORIANS WANT EAST TIMOR TALKS.............................................................................. 129
PROTEST PLANNED IN DARWIN ............................................................................................................... 129
INDONESIA & AUSTRALIA TO CO-DEVELOP MILITARY HARDWARE - ACADEMIC...................................... 130
NEW INDONESIAN AMBASSADOR DUE MARCH 10 ................................................................................... 130
SPY IN DARWIN?....................................................................................................................................... 130
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE IN SYDNEY, JUNE 1996............................................................................ 130
KEATING CAMPAIGN HQ OCCUPIED ........................................................................................................ 131
EVANS HECKLED AGAIN............................................................................................................................ 131
DARWIN MAN FINED FOR FLAG BURNING ............................................................................................... 132
DARWIN COUNCIL ATTEMPTS INTIMIDATION ........................................................................................... 132
LABOUR DEFEATED IN AUSTRALIA............................................................................................................ 132
EAST TIMOR, THE AUSTRALIAN MEDIA (IN SYDNEY) AND THE MARCH 1996 FEDERAL ELECTION ............. 132
HOWARD WIN SEEN AFFECTING INDONESIAN PERSONAL TIES ............................................................... 134
DON’T LET E TIMOR ISSUE MAR RELATIONSHIP - INDONESIA.................................................................. 135
TIMORESE URGE HOWARD TO BE FIRM WITH INDONESIA ....................................................................... 135
SUHARTO SAYS COMMITTED TO INDONESIA- AUSTRALIA TIES................................................................. 135
INDONESIA’S NEW AMBASSADOR HOPES SUHARTO TO VISIT .................................................................. 136
A TRIBUTE TO JASON PORTER OF CRYSTAL BROOK ................................................................................ 136
INTERNATIONAL WOMEN’S DAY FOCUSSED ON TIMOR WOMAN ............................................................. 136
INDONESIAN ACADEMIC TO SPEAK ON DEMOCRATIC RIGHTS............................................................... 137
AUSTRALIA ENDORSES U.S. REPORT ON INDONESIAN HUMAN RIGHTS.................................................. 138
SUHARTO’S VISIT TO EAST TIMOR IN JULY............................................................................................... 138
NATIONAL WITHDRAW RECOGNITION DAY............................................................................................... 138
NEW AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT AND REFUGEES .................................................................................... 139
STONE TO HELP NEW GOVT. IMPROVE INDONESIA TIES .......................................................................... 140
APPEAL TO COALITION - AMNESTY FOR EAST TIMOR ASYLUM SEEKERS................................................... 141
AUSTRALIAN FOREIGN MINISTER MEETS WITH FRETILIN GROUP IN DARWIN ......................................... 141
AUST AMBASSADOR TO VISIT EAST TIMOR ................................................................................................ 144
ASIET ACTION REPORT - FEBRUARY-MARCH ............................................................................................. 144
TIMOR PROTESTER JAILED........................................................................................................................ 145
AUSTRALIAN FEDERAL POLICE OVERACTING?........................................................................................... 145
DARWIN: CONSUL CHALLENGED .............................................................................................................. 146
AMNESTY (AUSTRALIA) TIMOR LETTER....................................................................................................... 146
WIRYONO: WHAT AUSTRALIANS NEED TO KNOW .................................................................................... 147
DOWNER VISIT TO INDONESIA................................................................................................................ 148
ALATAS INTERVIEW WITH DATELINE........................................................................................................ 149
AUSTRALIA TO FUND RED CROSS WORK IN E. TIMOR .............................................................................. 150
POSITIVE, AUSTRALIA’S INTENTION TO HELP FIGHT POVERTY IN EAST TIMOR ........................................ 150
RESISTANCE CAMPAIGNS FOR EAST TIMOR.............................................................................................. 151
AUST-INDON TREATY REFLECTS REGIONAL CONCERNS - INSTITUTE ....................................................... 151
East Timor Documents, Volume 43. February 1 - April 30, 1996. Page 7
AUST AMBASSADOR TO VISIT EAST TIMOR ............................................................................................... 152
EVENTS IN NEW ZEALAND ...................................................................................................................... 152
CULTUS GROUP TO SEARCH IN TIMOR SEA OIL FIELD .............................................................................. 152
EMBASSY OCCUPIERS ‘NOT AUTOMATICALLY BANNED’............................................................................. 153
NZ EMBASSY WARNED GUARDS............................................................................................................... 153
JAKARTA STAFF CRITICISED ...................................................................................................................... 154
TRIAL OF MANU CADDIE............................................................................................................................ 154
NZ REFUGEE MEETING REPORT............................................................................................................... 154
EVENTS IN ASIA....................................................................................................................................... 155
“HYPOCRISY BETTER”................................................................................................................................ 155
DAILY YOMIURI DISTORTIONS.................................................................................................................. 155
PIYF TAKES ALATAS TO TASK .................................................................................................................... 156
RECALL INDONESIAN AMBASSADOR TO INDIA......................................................................................... 156
CHINESE ATLAS “SEPARATES” TIMOR........................................................................................................ 157
JAPAN AND EAST TIMOR ........................................................................................................................... 158
EVENTS IN EUROPE................................................................................................................................. 159
CONFUSION OVER E.U. TIMOR STATEMENT.............................................................................................. 159
FRENCH MINISTER TO CHINA, HONG KONG, INDONESIA........................................................................ 160
RECENT COVERAGE IN IRELAND.............................................................................................................. 160
PROTEST LETTERS TO THE FINNISH GOVERNMEN T ON ARMS TRADE....................................................... 161
IRISH CALL FOR ARMS EMBARGO ............................................................................................................ 161
INDONESIA: THE VISIT OF THE POLISH PM.............................................................................................. 161
ARMS TRADE OF ITALY TO INDONESIA..................................................................................................... 162
BELGIUM ARMS FOR AID........................................................................................................................... 162
EVENTS IN GERMANY.............................................................................................................................. 163
TANJUNG INTERVIEW: INDONESIA DEPLOYS EX-NVA-SHIPS AGAINST “INTERNAL DISTURBANCES” ....... 163
GERMAN ARMOURED VEHICLES TO INDONESIA....................................................................................... 164
EVENTS IN SWEDEN................................................................................................................................ 165
SWEDEN TO SELL NAVY ARTILLERY TO INDONESIA.................................................................................. 165
STOP THE CANNON DEAL WITH INDONESIA............................................................................................. 165
1994 SOCIAL DEMOCRAT PARLIAMENTARY MOTION ................................................................................. 166
SWEDISH GOVERNMENT ARE “BEHAVING LIKE TURNIPS” ........................................................................ 168
CANNONS TO INDONESIA......................................................................................................................... 168
CARMEL BUDIARDJO VISIT TO SWEDEN .................................................................................................. 168
URGENT APPEAL TO ALL EAST TIMOR SOLIDARITY GROUPS AND EAST TIMORESE ORGANISATIONS....... 169
NEW STRATEGY SHALL BRING COVETED POST ......................................................................................... 170
EVENTS IN PORTUGAL............................................................................................................................. 170
PORTUGUESE STATE TELEVISION BEAMED INTO EAST TIMOR ................................................................. 170
ALATAS CALLS FOR RI-PORTUGAL INTELLECTUALS’ EXCHANGES............................................................. 171
EAST TIMOR-INDONESIA SOLIDARITY CONFEREN CE OPENS IN LISBON .................................................. 171
RAMOS HORTA HOPEFUL........................................................................................................................... 172
EAST TIMOR ON A NEW INTERNATIONAL CATALOGUE OF PHONE CARDS .............................................. 172
INDONESIAN FOREIGN MINISTER DISPUTES LISBON............................................................................... 172
PIFA CHIEF: “IT WON’T BE LONG BEFORE RAMOS-HORTA RECOGNIZES INTEGRATION” .......................... 173
BISHOPS FOR TIMOR - PORTUGUESE EPISCOPAL CONFERENCE.............................................................. 173
PRES. SAMPAIO MEETS EAST TIMORESE YOUTH ....................................................................................... 174
GOVERNMENT WANTS TO IMPROVE ASSISTANCE TO TIMORESE IN PORTUGAL....................................... 174
FOREIGN MINISTRY OFFICIALS PASS ON CONFI DENTIAL DOCUMENTS TO INDONESIA........................... 174
Page 8 East Timor Documents, Volume 43. February 1 - April 30, 1996.
THE INTERNATIONAL PORTUGUESE-SPEAKING COMMUNITY................................................................ 175
INDONESIA WANTS TO INVEST IN GUINEA-BISSAU .................................................................................. 175
EAST TIMOR DISCUSSED IN CAPE VERDE................................................................................................ 175
EAST TIMOR WOULD LIKE TO JOIN THE PORTUGUESE SPEAKING COMMUNITY ....................................... 175
105 MPS FOR TIMOR IN BRAZIL................................................................................................................ 175
PORTUGUESE “COMMONWEALTH” MOVES CLOSER.................................................................................. 176
EVENTS IN BRITAIN................................................................................................................................. 176
PROTESTERS TO HAMMER ON DOORS OF ARMS DEALERS & COURTS...................................................... 176
HOUSE OF COMMONS MOTION ................................................................................................................. 178
INDONESIAN SEEDS OF HOPE INTERVIEW ............................................................................................... 178
HAWK IS HAMMERED IN PLOUGHSHARE ACTION ..................................................................................... 179
HAWKS OFF EAST TIMOR WEEK OF ACTION .............................................................................................. 179
UK HAWK PROTEST TRIAL UPDATE........................................................................................................... 180
INDONESIA AMBASSADOR ATTACK’S HORTA’S CREDENTIALS................................................................... 180
WARWICK UNIVERSITY CHANGES BAR NAME TO XANANA’S .................................................................... 181
EVENTS IN THE UNITED STATES............................................................................................................. 181
F-16 FIGHTERS TO INDONESIA: ACTION NEEDED.................................................................................... 181
INDONESIA BACKING AWAY FROM EARLIER PLAN TO PURCHASE PAKISTANI F-16S................................. 181
NO ARMS TO DICTATORS! ......................................................................................................................... 182
INDONESIA PLANS TO BUY 28 F-16 FIGHTER JETS FROM U.S................................................................... 184
INDONESIA WANTS F-16S, LOAN .............................................................................................................. 185
EAST TIMOR ABUSES CANNOT BE IGNORED ............................................................................................. 185
WORKERS, ACTIVISTS PICKET TRAILMOBILE............................................................................................. 185
MOYNIHAN AND THE COLUMBIA SPECTATOR ........................................................................................... 186
US STATE DEPARTMENT 1995 REPORT ON INDONESIA ............................................................................. 189
JOHN SHATTUCK ON HUMAN RIGHTS...................................................................................................... 201
U.S. REVIVES INDONESIAN MILITARY TRAINING SCHEME........................................................................ 202
CONGRESSIONAL LETTER ON EAST TIMOR BILL ....................................................................................... 202
BACKGROUND ON EAST TIMOR AND US POLICY....................................................................................... 203
HOUSE AUTHORIZES PARTIAL IMET TRAINING FOR INDONESIA ............................................................. 204
FROM YOUR OWN HOME: LOBBY FOR EAST TIMOR................................................................................... 208
U.S., PORTUGAL TALK HUMAN RIGHTS...................................................................................................... 209
US D.O.D. ON IMET FOR INDONESIA ....................................................................................................... 209
EVENTS IN CANADA................................................................................................................................. 210
CANADIANS BOOED FOR BURYING HEADS IN SAND ................................................................................ 210
ENVOY’S VISIT FRIGHTENED HER, TIMOR REFUGEE’S MOTHER INSISTS.................................................. 211
UNIVERSITY OF BC STUDENTS BACK TIMOR ............................................................................................. 213
FIG LEAVES FOR FASCISTS TANGO........................................................................................................... 213
CANADIAN MP ASKS SUHARTO ABOUT EAST TIMOR................................................................................. 213
TIMOR ACTIVIST SAYS OTTAWA TRYING TO GAG HER .............................................................................. 214
RESOURCES............................................................................................................................................. 214
ET BOOK REVIEWED IN JAPAN TIMES ...................................................................................................... 214
NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC’S SKEWED MAP OF EAST TIMOR ....................................................................... 214
PHOTO OF RIOT POLICE IN DILI .............................................................................................................. 217
EAST TIMOR PHOTO SITE .......................................................................................................................... 218
REG.EASTTIMOR WEEKLY SUMMARIES CHANGE OF ADDRESS ................................................................ 218
NEW XANANA T-SHIRTS! ........................................................................................................................... 218
PHOTO EVIDENCE OF TORTURE IN TIMOR................................................................................................ 218

East Timor Action Network

Timor Link Newsletter 1996-03

Timor Link no. 35, March 1996

  • Inhibited dialogue
  • Eyewitness account
  • Human rights: Amnesty International report
  • UN High Commissioner reports
  • Recent human rights violations
  • Asia-Europe summit
  • Xanana's release requested
  • Portugal-Indonesia talks
  • EU common position
  • Clinton meets Suharto
  • New ambassador to Australia
  • Murder inquiry
  • International round-up
  • Church news
  • Who rules in East Timor?
  • New publication: partners in repression

Catholic Institute for International Relations (Britain)

Various documents

This document includes twenty-six separate documents.

  1. Campaign material by FOET (Friends of East Timor after the Nobel Peace Prize had been presented to Bishops Belo and Jose Ramos-Horta. Cannington, Australia. 1996. The flyer reads, “East Timor Calls for freedom after the Dili Massacre killings continue to this day” It has a photo of a man who was one of 471 men, women and children gunned down and beaten to death during a peaceful protest at the Santa Cruz cemetery and on the days that followed the 12 November 1991.

  2. A photograph at the Hart Senate Office Building, Washington, DC. ETAN grassroots lobbyists together with Senator Russell Feingold, who stands at the right (red tie), during Lobby Days. In November 1992, Senator Russell Feingold took over from the powerful Republican Senator Robert Kasten who strongly defended USA military support for ABRI. Senator Feingold felt that part of his victory was because of Timor-Leste, and he became a strong and consistent supporter of Timor-Leste in Washington.

  3. A photograph of Bishop Nobuo Soma, Chairperson of APCET, was deported by the Malaysian government because of his attendance in the APCET II, Nov. 14, 1996. Photo at the time of his. arrival in Kanaai International Airport in Osaka, Japan.

  4. A photograph of students reflection on East Timor at University Paris 7, France. Reflection on the situation in East Timor, by French and Timorese students at the Science Faculty. 1996.

  5. Two photographs from Sri Lanka in 1996. Both photos include protesters to free East Timor.

  6. Three photographs from Sri Lanka of the protesters who are out in the rain but continue their protest. 1996.

  7. A photograph of Sri Lankan activist Freddy Gamage Abuhamy joining a discussion in Sydney. 1996.

  8. A photograph of Freddy Gamage Abuhamy in Sydney. 1996.

  9. Two photographs from a short story book launch in Sri Lanka with Freddy Gamage and José Ramos Horta. The second photo is of the two men hugging.

  10. A flyer entitled, “Manifestatie Oost Timor” on December 10th, in front of the Indonesian Embassy. 1996. | The flyer is in Dutch.

  11. A page with four photographs. Nobel Peace Prize Manifestation, Indonesian Embassy, The Netherlands. Manifestation in front of the Indonesian Embassy to celebrate the Nobel Peace Prize for Bishop Belo and Jose Ramos-Horta. Speakers: Yvette Lawson (Komitee Indonesia and Jose Amorim Dias | 2 pages

  12. A photograph of Jacinto dos Santos who is giving a talk on torture by Indonesian military in Osaka, Japan. 1996.

  13. Two photographs. The first is of Ceu Federer at a peace rally in Hiroshima, at the anniversary of the Atomic Bombing. Hiroshima, Japan 1996. The second us of Odidlia Victor speaks in Osaka about her clandestine activities.

  14. A photograph of Doctor Andres McNaughtan during detention in Malaysia, following closure of International Solidarity Conference with People of East Timor.

  15. “Conference on East Timor Attacked” by Max Lane, Green Left Weekly. November 1996. | 2 pages.

  16. “Press release on Conference on East Timor in Kuala Lumpur” authorized by Dr. Sanusi Osman, official conference spokesperson, 9 November 1996. | 2 pages.

  17. A newspaper article entitled, “You broke the rules, PM tells detainees” which is about the APCET - Conference and expulsions from Malaysia. November 1996.

  18. “Exiled Timorese Leader to Speak on ‘Oil, Invasion and Genocide’” May 7th, 1996.

  19. Newspaper article published in The Netherlands entitled, “No Arms to Indonesia!” | in Dutch.

  20. A fold up document entitled, “Pelosi direitos do Povo de Timor” [Translation: For the rights of the people of East Timor] It gives the history of East Timor and with their conflicts with Indonesia. | 5 pages and entirely in Portuguese.

  21. A flyer for a March for a Free East Timor created by the Friends of East Timor on November 10th, 1996.

  22. A flyer published in Australia in regards to their election and to vote for candidates such as the Greens, Australian Democrats, and those Independents and Individuals from other political parties who support genuine self determination for East Timor - a United Nations supervised referendum. 1996.

  23. “Violence against women in East Timor under the Indonesian Occupation and Suggested Measures to be Taken” Petition to the United Nations Special Committee of 24 by the Free East Timor Japan Coalition. July 23, 1996. Petition prepared by Kiyoko Furusawa and Jean Inglis and presented by Susan Einbinder. | 8 pages.

  24. “Tuba-rai metin - Firmly Gripping the Earth” at the Casula Powerhouse Arts Centre. A multi-media installation which memorializes those who have died in the recent history of East Timor. Tuba-rai metin combines Timorese performance with weaving, architecture and contemporary sculpture. 7 - 24 November 1996. | 2 pages.

  25. British Coalition for East Timor: “BCET supporters gather in Coventry” April 1996.

  26. “East Timor: Its future in the Asia Pacific public education Conference” June 21-24, 1996. Sydney, Australia.

Timor Leste International Solidarity Exhibit

Timor Link Newsletter 1996-07

Timor Link no. 36, July 1996

  • Cover-up continues
  • Timorese women speak out
  • Aid to Indonesia
  • Indonesian opposition leader sidelined
  • The path to peace
  • Terror in Baucau
  • Recent human rights violations
  • UN commissioner submits report
  • Human rights commission
  • EU Irish presidency
  • EU parliament resolution
  • Swedish arms sales
  • EU common position on East Timor
  • Vatican diplomacy
  • GCMC statement
  • Sanctuary for refugees

Catholic Institute for International Relations (Britain)

The East Timor Issue and the Symposia of Oporto University

Contents:

  • East Timor: Interrupted Decolonization of a People with its Own Identity
  • East Timor in the United Nations and the Portuguese Position Until 1986
  • 1986, A Turning Point
  • The First Symposium on Timor of Oporto University - September 1989 - and the Consolidation of Nationalist Convergence
  • II Symposium on Timor of Oporto University - April-May 1990: - Strengthening Hope, In Spite of Difficulties
  • III Symposium on Timor of OU - May 1991 - Or the Appeal to the Vatican for a More Coherent Commitment to the Defense of the Human and National Rights of the Timorese
  • IV Symposium on Timor of OU - April 92 - and the Santa Cruz Massacre
  • V Symposium on Timor of OU - July 1993 - From the Arrest of De Maximum Leader of the Maubere Resistance, Xanana Gusmào, to Cooperation with Indonesia Democrats
  • The Asia/Pacific Conference on East Timor (APCET), which took place in Manila - from 31 May to 4 June 1994
  • The Iserlohn Conference - 30 September to 2 October 1994 - and the Development of German Solidarity with East Timor
  • VI Symposium on Timor of OU - 4 October 1994 to 26 March 1995 - Portuguese Universities take on a Growing Commitment and Propose a Grater Degree of Internationalization

Oporto University (University of Porto)

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